| ID | 178037 |
| Title Proper | Second Egypt |
| Other Title Information | Cretan refugees, agricultural development, and frontier expansion in Ottoman Cyrenaica, 1897–1904 |
| Language | ENG |
| Author | Lorenz, Fredrick Walter |
| Summary / Abstract (Note) | This article investigates the Ottoman state's endeavor to create the “second Egypt” by consolidating its imperial authority along the coastline and hinterland of Cyrenaica from 1897 to 1904. It examines the strategic settlement of Cretan Muslim refugees in territories situated between Benghazi and Derna and in al-Jabal al-Akhdar following the Cretan insurrection of 1897–98. I argue that Cretan Muslim refugees-turned-settlers served as skilled agriculturalists and experienced armed sentries who were integral to the Ottoman state's plans for economic development and expansionism in Cyrenaica. Focusing particularly on ‘Ayn al-Shahhat and Marsa Susa, this article contends that the establishment of Cretan Muslim agricultural colonies served to undermine the political and economic position of the Sanusi order by appropriating the order's properties and access to resources. This work offers a new perspective on how the Ottoman state reasserted its sovereignty in its frontier territory in Cyrenaica by harnessing the power of migration. |
| `In' analytical Note | International Journal of Middle East Studies Vol. 53, No.1; Feb 2021: p.89-105 |
| Journal Source | International Journal of Middle East Studies 2021-03 53, 1 |
| Key Words | Migration ; Libya ; Ottoman Empire ; Settler Colonialism ; Sanusi Order |