| Summary/Abstract |
THROUGHOUT most of its history, Scotland was an independent state. The Kingdom of Scotland was founded in 843 AD. In 1296, it was invaded by English troops. As a result of the First War of Scottish Independence, which lasted until 1314, the Scots defeated the English army, and in 1328, England recognized the independence of Scotland. Nevertheless, the English continued to wage war against it until the passage of the Acts of Union by the English and Scottish parliaments in 1707. The two acts of parliament provided for the establishment of a single state by the name of Great Britain. For about a century before that, after King James VI of Scotland succeeded to the English throne in 1603 as King James I of England on the death of his cousin Elizabeth I, England and Scotland were ruled by one monarch, but remained sovereign states.
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