| ID | 178565 |
| Title Proper | Built on borders |
| Other Title Information | tensions with the institution liberalism (Thought It) left behind |
| Language | ENG |
| Author | Simmons, Beth A ; Goemans, Hein E |
| Summary / Abstract (Note) | The Liberal International Order is in crisis. While the symptoms are clear to many, the deep roots of this crisis remain obscured. We propose that the Liberal International Order is in tension with the older Sovereign Territorial Order, which is founded on territoriality and borders to create group identities, the territorial state, and the modern international system. The Liberal International Order, in contrast, privileges universality at the expense of groups and group rights. A recognition of this fundamental tension makes it possible to see that some crises that were thought to be unconnected have a common cause: the neglect of the coordinating power of borders. We sketch out new research agendas to show how this tension manifests itself in a broad range of phenomena of interest. |
| `In' analytical Note | International Organization Vol. 75,No. 2; Spring 2021: p.387-410 |
| Journal Source | International Organization Vol: 75 No 2 |
| Key Words | International Organization ; Nationalism ; Liberalism ; Territory ; Borders ; Nation State ; Social Geography ; Territorial Sovereignty ; Identity ; Border Security ; Democratic Theory ; Liberal Theory ; Populism ; Spatial Identities ; Liberal International Order ; International Relations ; Spatial Preferences ; Border Hardening |