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| 1 |
ID:
191429
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| Summary/Abstract |
Environmental degradation is recognized as a major threat to sustainable and inclusive development and therefore requires a rapid and effective political response. Political will to tackle the problem is essential, although there are wide variations in this commitment between countries. With the aim of understanding why some countries would be more committed to developing climate policies than other, this article examines whether oil dependence explains differences in the development and implementation of climate change policies. Additionally, this study investigates mechanisms through which oil wealth affects climate change policies. Our empirical analysis is based on the two-stage instrumental variable (IV-2SLS) method. The empirical findings using data for up to 82 countries suggest that oil abundance and dependence individually have a negative and significant effect on climate change policies. Thus, oil-rich countries are, on average, less inclined to adopt and implement strict policies to combat climate change. In addition, mediation analysis reveals that oil dependence has an indirect negative effect on climate change policy through its impact on corruption, democracy, women's political participation, and financial development. These findings shed new light on how oil wealth affects environmental policy outcomes and can help policymakers identify obstacles to the adoption of climate change policies.
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| 2 |
ID:
191421
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study adopts a life cycle approach to analyse the principal critical elements, opportunities and limits of biogas production's socio-economic aspects and environmental implications. From this perspective, the biogas supply chain sustainability and the opportunity for a closed-loop approach have been assessed starting from existing studies. The analysis revealed that the biogas sector could play a strategic role in making energy systems more resilient in a context characterised by sudden changes, such as the current scenario. In particular, the research is focused on this sector's potential to support the energy transition in Italy, which presents a structural vulnerability related to fossil resource scarcity. The paper contributes to the literature on the sustainable assessment of the biogas supply chain and paves the way for future researchers to understand the complex issues involved in the biogas sector sustainable development process. Furthermore, it provides policy, managerial and social implications, showing that the complete diffusion of biogas – a renewable, scalable and flexible resource – can foster security and decarbonisation of the energy system. It can also create new business opportunities at the local level, promoting a circular and bio-based economy.
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| 3 |
ID:
191405
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| Summary/Abstract |
With the rising demands for personal vehicles of the growing middle class in India, their increasing quest for comfort and social status, the emissions from road transportation are increasing manifold times. To fulfil the dual need of increasing personal demand as well as lower vehicular emissions, it is important to replace all future vehicle purchase with purchase of electric vehicles (EVs). This study analyses the socio-psychological determinants of the process by which an individual might develop an intention to buy an EV in the near future. Using Structural Equation Modeling and mediation analysis, the interrelationships between the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs along with three additional constructs, ‘‘cost’, ‘herd behavior’, and ‘personal norm’ are analyzed and several direct and indirect pathways in which intentions possibly form in people's mind are outlined. Subjective norms followed by perceived behavioral control emerge as the significant and direct intention formation pathway. Though cost, herd behavior, and personal norms alone do not influence intention formation, these factors mediates the TPB variables in forming intention to adopt EVs. Hence, the current EV promotion policies, primarily focused on subsidies need to be complemented with other attitudinal and norm-based nudges to promote faster EV adoption in India.
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| 4 |
ID:
191434
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| Summary/Abstract |
Given the rising technological progress and infrastructural developments among the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries and the global move towards a reduction in the use of fossil fuels to mitigate climate change, this study aims to examine the role of technological innovation in the countries' energy efficiency to. We discover that energy intensity is increased by endogenous technological innovation in the BRI countries, especially at the middle and higher quantiles. We then remove China from the panel in order to check if the country's high technological advancement and energy efficiency might have an outlying influence on the relationship. Except for a relative decline in the significant estimates across the quantiles, the direction of effect largely remains. Finally, China's technological innovation has a reducing spillover effect on the energy intensity of the BRI countries. These findings indicate that, while endogenous technological innovations are detrimental to the energy efficiency of the BRI countries, China's technologies are energy efficient for the other BRI countries, and should be adopted or absorbed to reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
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| 5 |
ID:
191427
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| Summary/Abstract |
We perform an analysis of the green investments contained in the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) by comparing environmental benefits to the investment cost. We compute the future discounted environmental benefits in terms of expected greenhouse gases emission reductions using various estimates of the Social Cost of Carbon. Our results suggest that several projects would not have a positive net present value, unless the discount rate is relatively low and benefits accruing to developing countries receive a higher weight. The fact that investments under the NRRP are financed via long-term debt helps in bridging the gap between costs and environmental benefits. Investments in renewable energy are an exception, as their environmental benefits outweigh the cost within a short time-frame.
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| 6 |
ID:
191423
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| Summary/Abstract |
To evaluate the success of the realized policies we need to investigate the historical relationships and assess the impacts of different drivers on the indicator being explored. In this regard, considering the undeniable importance of the transition to renewable energy this work empirically explores the behavior of renewable energy consumption in conjunction with its drivers in the case of Poland. Since one of the main difficulties in front of this transition is financing the projects targeting the successful transition, the study explores the impact of financial development on renewable energy consumption. Having a better idea of the relationship between financial development and renewable energy may provide a potential solution for addressing Poland's energy poverty and attaining the country's renewable energy goals. Utilizing different estimation techniques as a robustness check, we found that financial development and economic growth both are in favor of the transition toward renewable energy consumption. These findings allow concluding that the ongoing policy set-up and circumstances driving the economic growth path are recommended options to follow for achieving better well-being and environmentally friendly economic and social development. Moreover, by increasing investment in renewable energy projects, financial institutions can help Poland's citizens have better access to modern energy services and reduce their dependence on fossil fuels.
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| 7 |
ID:
191403
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| Summary/Abstract |
Government social assistance programs play a vital role in shaping household behaviors, from food purchases to human capital investments. Yet, little attention has been given to understanding the impacts of these programs on household energy choices. Drawing upon data from China's New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS) – a cash transfer plan targeting rural seniors aged 60 and above – this study aims to shed light on how such a program affects the cooking fuel choices among beneficiaries. The results show that: (1) the NRPS promotes a shift from traditional biomass fuels to cleaner fuels, primarily driven by reduced firewood adoption and increased electricity usage; (2) the effects are stronger for lower-income households and the older age group (aged 70 and above); (3) enhancing household income and discouraging farm work participation are possible mechanisms through which pension coverage influences fuel choices. Overall, these findings highlight the effectiveness of social assistance programs in improving resident well-being and facilitating energy transitions in rural areas.
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| 8 |
ID:
191428
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| Summary/Abstract |
The mandatory cleaner production audit (MCPA) is an important initiative to promote energy conservation, emission reduction and green transformation and upgrading of enterprises. This paper matches 16,841 enterprises that implemented MCPA between 2003 and 2012 to the Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database and the Chinese Enterprise Pollution Emission Database. And carrying out the MCPA as a quasi-natural experiment, a difference-in-differences model based on propensity score matching is used to identify the net effect of it on the reduction of enterprise sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. The paper discovers that MCPA can significantly reduce the intensity of SO2 emissions, and this finding is robust to multiple scenarios. According to heterogeneity analysis, the MCPA is more conducive to reducing the intensity of SO2 emissions in domestic enterprises, enterprises with low financing constraints and heavily polluting industries. Mechanism tests show that MCPA can reduce SO2 emissions by optimising energy structure, increasing energy efficiency, and encouraging green process innovation. Further analysis reveals that the MCPA is an effective tool for achieving the synergistic effect of reducing SO2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in enterprises, and it serves the dual function of winning the pollution battle while also achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.
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| 9 |
ID:
191418
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| Summary/Abstract |
With climate change and inequality concerns being the twofold challenge for societies, vigorously facilitating the pace of energy transition in parallel to promoting social justice is addressed by global societies. Using an empirical analysis of 30 provinces in China, we examine how the pace of multi-dimension energy transition influences urban-rural income gap. It starts from an assessment of China's energy transition performance by constructing a comprehensive index framework. Then we investigate the impacts of the energy transition on the urban-rural income gap by employing panel data of China's 30 provinces from 2008 to 2019. Our results demonstrate a significant upward trend in China's overall energy transition performance. Meanwhile, this paper highlights the positive but heterogenous contributions of the energy transition to narrowing the urban-rural income gap. We also gauge the positive moderating effects of energy transition and various targeted transition policies and environmental factors on the urban-rural income gap in China, such as the clean heating and PV-based poverty alleviation project; but the negative effect of coal phaseout policy cannot be ignored. Our findings in the context of urban-rural income inequality in China provide practical insights and pertinent policy implications to deepen understanding of the global just energy transition.
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| 10 |
ID:
191432
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| Summary/Abstract |
Research suggests a strong correlation between a region's electricity consumption and its economic growth. Microgrids expand cleaner electricity production, improve electricity availability/reliability/resilience, and provide a more dependable platform for technology-based economic activities. This dependability has the potential to attract more investors to the microgrid region, which may induce additional economic growth (compared to the region's historical trends). Since there is not enough statistical data to test the relationship for microgrid footprints, this paper studies the correlation between electricity and the economy to investigate whether the nexus between electricity consumption and economic growth is two-way. A brief survey indicates the existence of a clear relationship in over 75% of 317 cases reviewed. This research has also shown a tight feedback relationship between electricity and economic activity in the U.S. through a comprehensive model-based study and the Granger causality concept. Drawing on research, we infer that an improvement in electricity reliability can increase the potential for regional economic growth. A causal loop diagram (CLD) is also provided as a visual model to justify the feedback relationship.
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| 11 |
ID:
191416
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| Summary/Abstract |
Effective greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction policies require integration across both vertical and horizontal political jurisdictions. However, there remains much ambiguity about integrating these strategies across subnational jurisdictions because of knowledge gaps in quantifying the factors affecting emission variation across these jurisdictions. To address this, we modeled the effects of government policy, socioeconomics, and weather on GHG emissions from electricity, natural gas, and petrol for the average household in Canadian city and province jurisdictions, respectively, from 1997 to 2009. The percentage of GHG variation explained by our models ranged from 60.6% to 98.3% for cities and 71.1%–99.3% for provinces. The variation partitioning showed that socioeconomics was the most important variable category, accounting for 15.6%–49.0% of emission variation in cities and 66.6%–75.2% in provinces. Government policy was only significant at the city level, accounting for at most 4.8% of emission variation, but had joint contributions with other variable categories, particularly socioeconomics. Overall, the factors affecting residential GHG emissions changed from the city to provincial jurisdictions and the extent of these changes differed across energy sources. These findings stress the importance of integrating locally based, energy source specific policies into subnational and national based strategies for effective emission reductions.
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| 12 |
ID:
191415
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| Summary/Abstract |
Regional disparity and energy poverty are major challenges for India on a macro-scale. In this study we explored regional disparity and energy poverty in India's future by formulating a series of unique mathematical functions while analyzing historical time-series of per-capita energy consumption (PEC). The functions formulated have important implications on India's approaches towards rapid urbanization, access to clean energy, and rural electrification. We also analyzed end-use energy consumption in low, mid and high-developing states and examined the impacts of the uncertainty of socio-economic changes. As per our estimates, energy consumption in urban areas, is likely to grow by 3.6 times from 2010 to 2070, whereas that in rural areas is likely to decrease by 0.6 times. Energy poverty among Indian states narrows by 2050, while energy consumption in the mid and high-developing states rises rapidly as urbanization and per-capita income increase. Even with this consumption growth, India's average household PEC in 2070 may remain lower than the world average recorded in 2010. The provision of advanced energy resources and technologies is therefore likely to be an important policy challenge for India, especially in the rural areas of low-developing states, as the country pursues its target of reducing energy poverty and regional disparity.
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| 13 |
ID:
191406
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| Summary/Abstract |
The significant spike in global energy prices induced by the Russian-Ukrainian (RU) conflict is perceived as highly uncertain that may rise household living costs and adversely affect Sustainable Development Goals such as poverty elimination. However, the impacts on human wellbeing are entirely obscured by conventional economic analyses. Using the input-output price model and a human needs framework, we assess the impact of energy price shocks caused by the RU conflict on eight dimensions of human needs in 49 countries/regions. Our findings show that the non-material dimension Creation and the material dimension Protection are the most affected human needs globally, with declines of 3.7%–8.5% and 3.6%–8.4%, respectively. Households in BRICS countries are hit hardest on these human needs (2.0-2.2 times the global average) owing to higher price increases and higher energy-dependent consumption patterns. The human need satisfaction of low-income groups is not only severely affected, but also the poorer the country in which they reside, the more serious the decline of their satisfaction, while there is no such problem for higher income groups. Our findings underscore the need to consider both material and frequently overlooked non-material dimensions of wellbeing when designing targeted policies to protect the vulnerable from energy price shocks.
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| 14 |
ID:
191435
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| Summary/Abstract |
Consolidating the leadership of enterprises in Environmental Governance (EG) and enhancing their Green Technology Innovation (GTI) are vital for fostering global ecological civilization. Previous research has primarily focused on the non-linear relationship between EG and GTI but has overlooked the factors that contribute to varying GTI effects in response to EG constraints across different stages of a business's life cycle. Drawing on data from Chinese A-share listed enterprises, this study investigates the impact of EG on GTI by considering two typical forms of EG: cost-based and voluntary participation. Furthermore, it introduces the concept of dynamic innovation capability (DIC) based on the principles of open innovation paradigm. The findings reveal that, contrary to the positive influence observed during the growth and maturity stages, EG has no significant effect on GTI during the recession stage. One-way ANOVA results demonstrate that enterprises' DIC varies across different life cycle stages, with a declining trend observed during the maturity, growth, and recession stages. Moreover, the study finds that DIC, encompassing absorptive, operational, perceptual, and relational capabilities, positively moderates the impact of EG on GTI. These conclusions shed light on the differentiated effects of EG on enterprises' GTI at various life cycle stages.
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| 15 |
ID:
191431
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| Summary/Abstract |
Although there have been many recent studies on the impact of energy use on carbon dioxide emissions, the ASEAN region has not received much attention. It is important to understand the relationship between energy use and emissions in these countries because their energy demands are growing quickly due to urbanization and electrification. In this study, we focused on the five largest ASEAN economies, known as ASEAN-5, and used a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model to analyze the asymmetric effects of per capita energy consumption on carbon dioxide emissions. We found that there is a significant long-term asymmetrical effect in Thailand, and a significant short-term asymmetrical effect in Malaysia. These results suggest that there is a need for more ambitious energy efficiency policies to improve building, equipment, and appliance efficiency, which will ultimately help to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
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| 16 |
ID:
191401
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| Summary/Abstract |
In many net-zero energy scenarios, electrolytic hydrogen is a key component to decarbonize hard-to-abate sectors and to provide flexibility to the power sector. In current energy systems that are not yet fully decarbonized, however, the hydrogen ramp-up raises the concern of increasing power sector emissions. To avoid such additional emissions, recent EU regulation defines requirements for electrolytic hydrogen to qualify as green along three dimensions: the additionality, the proximity, and the simultaneity of renewable electricity generation. Focusing on the temporal dimension, this article investigates the effects of a strict hourly simultaneity requirement, full temporal flexibility, as well as simultaneity exemptions in the current EU regulation. We develop a model of a renewables-hydrogen project, consisting of individual wind turbines, solar panels, hydrogen electrolysis, and hydrogen storage. As a novelty, the model optimizes not only dispatch but also investment decisions, and we expose it to different regulatory conditions. We show that a flexible definition of green hydrogen does not necessarily increase power sector emissions. By contrast, requiring hourly simultaneity implies that rational investors build much larger wind turbines, hydrogen electrolyzers, and hydrogen storage than needed—meaning additional costs and embedded carbon, underutilized assets, and a potential slow-down of green hydrogen deployment. These adverse effects can only partially be mitigated by including solar panels and by the EU simultaneity exceptions. We argue that current energy transition trends further lower the risk of increasing power sector emissions under a flexible definition of green hydrogen and recommend this as the way forward for a sustainable hydrogen policy.
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| 17 |
ID:
191417
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| Summary/Abstract |
Ghana has a rising residential electricity consumption of 47% of total generation while at the same time experiencing a worsening household age-dependency ratio considered to be above the global average. Using the most recent Ghana Living Standards Survey (2016/17 i.e., the seventh round), and employing logistic regression analyses, this paper examines how and the extent to which household age-dependency (0–14 and 64+) and other sociodemographic characteristics of Ghanaian households influences residential electricity consumption. In the face of worsening climate change partly attributable to high energy consumption, understanding the role household structure in residential electricity consumption across gender and location is critical in designing appropriate demand-side management policies. The results show that dependency ratio increases electricity consumption by approximately 12.4%. Furthermore, female-headed households with dependents tend to use less; or have reduced electricity usage compared to a male-headed household with dependents. The study recommends among others, the use of local government to spearhead education on energy efficiency especially at the household level and the establishment of green financing scheme for importers, manufacturers, and households.
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| 18 |
ID:
191414
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Korean government introduced the Hydrogen Portfolio Standard for expanding hydrogen fuel-cell power plants to complement the intermittency and volatility of solar photovoltaic and wind power. As for existing power plants, the public perceives fuel cell power plants as dangerous facilities. In this study, we examined the prevalence of the "Not in My Backyard (NIMBY)" phenomenon and the effect of information provision on public acceptance of power plants based on the choice experiment incorporating consumer behavior theory. Results showed that information regarding the construction and operation of power plants is essential for alleviating the NIMBY phenomenon. In addition, by reflecting on the expected separation distance for the power generation facility, loss avoidance behavior in which people become relatively more sensitive to having the plants closer to the residence was identified. Through various analysis results, this study presents policy and management strategies securing public acceptance toward expanding fuel cell power plants.
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| 19 |
ID:
191409
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| Summary/Abstract |
Promoting renewable energy consumption is widely accepted as an effective policy to reduce energy poverty. This study investigates the relationship between green finance and energy poverty using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) model, utilizing data from 20 developing Asian countries from 2010 to 2021. The results confirm that a 1% increase in the sustainable financing market reduces the energy poverty gap in these Asian countries by nearly 0.02%. As a proxy of technological progress, the innovation index exacerbates energy poverty. Moreover, a 1% increase in sustainable electricity production reduces the energy poverty gap in these countries by approximately 0.35%. An increase in the consumer price index harshly impacts energy justice. Critical policy implications for developing Asian economies are sustainable power generation, establishing digital green finance, utilizing green cryptocurrencies, and improving green literacy.
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| 20 |
ID:
191413
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| Summary/Abstract |
Minigrids offer a viable solution for extending electricity access to underserved areas beyond the reach of main-grids. Their sustainability is crucial for rural electrification prospects in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using Ostrom's IAD framework, we conduct a socio-cultural and institutional analysis of minigrids across their development stages. We map sector actors and their respective roles in the minigrid sector providing a framework for their interactions and choices towards sustainable outcomes. We further present a comparative institutional assessment of Uganda and Tanzania's minigrid sectors; analyzing outcomes and constructing a diagnostic framework of the causal actor interactions and exogenous contexts hindering sector sustainability. Our study reveals the inherent challenge posed by the complex interdependencies within the minigrid sector and its relationship with adjacent sectors. It further uncovers significant institutional inefficiencies in the minigrid sectors of Uganda and Tanzania. We advocate a flexible solution strategy, wherein, regulators strategically modify the adaptable components of the IAD framework considering the specific root causes of problems. This approach allows for targeted interventions through precise adjustments to effectively address underlying issues. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of policy integration mechanisms with adjacent sectors and a policy design process that incorporates the core values of sector actors.
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