| Summary/Abstract |
CIVILIZATION, as a category, has a range of meanings in both history and modern philosophy and politics. In The Grammar of Civilizations, which appeared in the 1960s, Fernand Braudel reasoned that it is impossible to define this concept unambiguously. He believed that the category of "civilization" refers to historically enduring fundamentals that are constantly changing their meaning, never ceasing to evolve before our eyes.1 Indeed, it is the enduring significance of the phenomenon of civilization that explains the increased interest in it in an era of instability, when previous forms of the existence and functioning of the world are being questioned and transformed.
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