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ID:
050893
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| 2 |
ID:
116280
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article explores Japan's initiatives toward the development discourse on Africa through the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), and specifically in regards to a concept that is increasingly becoming a core tenet of the TICAD, the 'national ownership' of development. The article examines the literature on development ownership before concentrating more specifically on the Japanese responses to the discourse. The analysis explores Japan's emphasis on the principle of self-help in national development and suggests that the conflation of self-help and ownership in the Japanese discourse of development needs to be disentangled for clarity as the two concepts are not the same. Generally the article endeavours to bring into perspective Japan's attempts to stitch itself more forcefully into the fabric of the discourse on African development with the objective of contributing a more nuanced approach to the global initiative to finding a solution to Africa's development problematic. It is suggested that in doing so Japan is transposing its understanding of development, along with its belief in the state-centric approach to economic growth onto Africa. How the African policymakers have responded to the concept of 'ownership' in the context of TICAD is also assessed.
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| 3 |
ID:
116285
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In the midst of heightened apprehension of the climate risks to development, major donors in Africa have begun to take environmental issues seriously in their aid agenda by setting up various climate policy initiatives and programs. In keeping with the international donors' efforts, Japan has also emphasised the environmental issues in its development cooperation with Africa. The article aims to assess Japan's efforts to address sustainable as well as 'climate-proof' development for Africa by looking into the process of the Tokyo International Conference for African Development (TICAD). Through contextualising the TICAD environmental agenda within Japan's overall greening process since the 1990s, this chapter argues for Japan's 'common but differentiated' environmental approach to Africa as presented for the TICAD process. The study introduces two key 'green' policy concerns, namely environmental ODA and climate change. Through analysing policy documents and speeches, it brings in debates on the major trends of Japan's environmental and climate ODA to Africa to examine the meaningfulness of the agenda as presented at TICAD.
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| 4 |
ID:
116284
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In 2008 Japan hosted the Fourth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) and the Group of Eight (G8) Summit. This coincidence provided a high-profile diplomatic opportunity within both Japan's relations with Africa and its summit diplomacy to shape regional and global agendas respectively and, to these ends, the Japanese government sought to connect the two international meetings. While Japan maintained its commitment to international society by fostering South-South dialogue and high-level contact between the G8 and Africa through these forums, the linkage of the two 2008 events was dominated by Japanese efforts to gain African endorsement for its 'Cool Earth 50' policy on global climate change. In the event, African leaders resisted Japan's efforts to place priority on discussion of climate change. The government also hoped that the conjunction of the two meetings would improve perceptions of, and interest in, Africa among the Japanese public, but evidence suggests little was achieved in this regard.
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| 5 |
ID:
139362
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| Summary/Abstract |
The state of peace and security poses several continuing challenges in the African continent, which has its roots in the history. Besides the steady progress of African Union’s (AU) achievements, the continent is still faced with certain incessant conflicts. While the efforts of AU and the regional organisations are appreciative, yet due to paucity of funds of many African countries including the AU itself, many a time faced with obligation of providing maximum thrust in performing their task.
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| 6 |
ID:
116281
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
At TICAD (Tokyo International Conference on African Development) IV in 2008 Japan began to approach the TICAD process with a stronger focus on its own economic interests rather than as a consultative forum on development cooperation. The Japanese business community had started to explore the economic opportunities available in Africa around 2006, with the result that more Japanese firms were expanding into the region. Consequently, the 2008 TICAD summit was designed to suggest, if not emphasise, Japan's national interest in the context of the African development process. In that sense TICAD IV was the first TICAD that the Japanese private sector took active part in; this resulted in TICAD IV gaining wider media coverage in Japan. Effectively, the significance of Africa for Japan has undergone a historical change, but to some extent this is a product of the recent role of China in Africa's economic development and indeed of the state of relations between China and Japan. TICAD IV may also be seen as an epoch-making event for Japanese ODA policy, which was changing under the new circumstances. Japanese overseas development aid policy is now in transformation and TICAD V, expected in 2013, will follow the line surveyed at the last summit.
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| 7 |
ID:
116282
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD), now in its fifth iteration, has significantly evolved both in its content and as a process. Over the years, successive conferences have placed emphasis on various aspects of African development, and there have also been attempts to make the conference and its spin-offs more inclusive. The fourth TICAD, held in 2008, signalled the most significant effort by the Japanese authorities to improve the effectiveness and impact of the TICAD process. This was against the background of Japan's continued economic troubles and increased domestic pressure to more efficiently use Japan's dwindling aid resources. As a result, while the product of deliberation with African stakeholders, the TICAD IV outcomes reflect many of Japan's domestic and strategic priorities. This essay takes stock of the principal outcomes of TICAD IV and their implications for Japan's economic cooperation with the Southern African region. It does so from the position that Japan's broad economic links with Southern Africa have followed a distinct pattern over the past 10 to 15 years. The essay reviews general tendencies in Japanese aid and investments to Southern Africa against the backdrop of developments in Japan's wider Africa policy. It discusses some of the prominent outflows of TICAD IV and concludes with an assessment of their implications for the subregion.
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