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BUNKER, ROBERT J (22) answer(s).
 
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1
ID:   093824


Cartel evolution revisited: third phase cartel potentials and alternative futures in Mexico / Bunker, Robert J; Sullivan, John P   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2010.
Summary/Abstract Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) - commonly called drug cartels - are challenging states and their institutions in increasingly brutal and profound ways. This is seen dramatically in Mexico's drug wars and the expanding reach of Mexican organized criminal enterprises throughout Latin America and other parts of the world. This essay updates a 1998 paper 'Cartel Evolution: Potentials and Consequences' and examines current cartel and gang interactions. The paper links discussion of cartel phases to gang generations; updates and applies the discussion of third phase cartel potentials to Mexico; and assesses four alternative futures for Mexico, as well as their cross-border implications for the United States.
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2
ID:   142617


Cinematic representations of the Mexican narco war / Bunker, Robert J; Cruz, José de Arimatéia da   Article
Bunker, Robert J Article
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Summary/Abstract This essay provides an overview of the eras of Mexican cinema followed by an analysis of 10 Spanish-language narco cinematic representations, an overview of the eras of American cinema followed by an analysis of 10 English language narco cinematic representations, and a conclusion that compares and contrasts the Mexican and US narco war cinematic experience. Due to divergent national trajectories – Mexico is engulfed in narco violence and corruption while the United States is not – more differences than similarities exist between these national cinematic genres. Dark spirituality themes are also increasingly evident in more recent narco war films.
Key Words Narcotics  Mexico  Cinema  Films  Santa Muerte  Cartels 
Sinaloa Cartel  Narco Cinema 
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3
ID:   093833


Counter-demand approaches to narcotics trafficking / Bunker, Robert J; Begert, Matt   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2010.
Summary/Abstract The illegal narcotics demand in the US is discussed in relation to the products supplied by the Mexican cartels. This is then contrasted with major legal commodities with addictive properties consumed in the US. Overlaps of use are also noted. Traditional, right of center, and left of center counter-demand approaches to narcotics trafficking are also surveyed. All of these approaches represent no-win scenarios for the US with its 'troubled population' of addicted users. Final analysis suggests that a blended counter-demand strategy should be explored based on extinguishing demand, coercing the users, and, to some extent, fulfilling user demand by the provision of prescription narcotics to 'special status' addicts and by means of limited decriminalization of personal marijuana use. Such a suggested strategy would have its own negative elements and should be considered less of a bad choice than the other, even worse, US counter-demand policy options that exist.
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4
ID:   128780


Defeating violent nonstate actors / Bunker, Robert J   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2013-14.
Summary/Abstract The role of landpower "at war" is as integral to US defense need as land power "short of war: but what about the role of landpower between these two in environment in which violent nonstate actors as quickly as possible so policing forces can implement follow-on strategies. Landpower can help provide security condition under which these strategies can be facilitated.
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5
ID:   077332


Defining criminal-states / Bunker, Robert J; Bunker, Pamela L   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2006.
Summary/Abstract Governmental views on belligerent and near-belligerent states are discussed along with evolving US terms for these dangerous states. The post 9/11 security environment requires the recognition of a new form of dangerous state - the 'Criminal-state' a by-product of belligerent non-state entities and their networks at war with the nation-state form. Four criminal-state forms originating from Jihadi insurgency, state failure-lawless zones, external criminal takeover, and oligarchic regimes are then highlighted. Until the new security environment is openly recognized as merging with global criminality, and the fact that it contains highly adaptive 'small, fast, and ruthless' challengers to the nation-state form accepted, our ability to fully define the new threat of 'Criminal-states', highlighted in this essay, will be impeded.
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6
ID:   108342


Grand strategic overview: epochal change and new realities for the United States / Bunker, Robert J   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2011.
Summary/Abstract This grand strategic overview highlights and analyzes the influence of epochal change on the state and conflict and the new realities with which the United States must now contend. This deep context is being provided so that (1) the belligerent and politicized non-state entities that have emerged in Mexico and the Americas can be better understood within the larger three-front grand strategic temporal conflict the US is now engaged in; and (2) the stark realities that the US faces - such as loss of unilateral world dominance, increasing debt and ongoing deficits, shifting demographics, inability to staunch the flow of and demand for illicit drugs, and an increasing prison population - are highlighted. Finally, this essay finishes with a discussion of the many important contributions contained in this edited work.
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7
ID:   108344


Integrating feral cities and third phase cartels/third generati: the rise of criminal (narco) city networks and BlackFor / Bunker, Robert J; Sullivan, John P   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2011.
Summary/Abstract This essay addresses and integrates 'feral cities' with 'third phase cartel' and 'third generation gangs' (3GEN Gangs) research. The feral cities diagnostic tool will be expanded from three levels (green, yellow, and red) to five (adding purple and black). This will be accomplished by means of the addition of two new levels that model the shift from ferality (de-institutionalization) to criminal re-institutionalization of urban social and political structures around new patterns of living. Such processes set the stage for the projected emergence of the BlackFor (Black Force) within the Americas. BlackFor represents a confederation of illicit non-state actors - essentially a postmodern form of societal cancer - linked together by means of a network of criminalized and criminal (narco) cities as are now arising.
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8
ID:   050815


Jane's unconventional weapons response handbook / Sullivan, John P.; Bunker, Robert J; Lorelli, Ernest J.; Seguine, Howard 2004  Book
Sullivan, John P. Book
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Edition 1st ed.
Publication New Delhi, Jane's Information Group, 2004.
Description 310p.
Standard Number 0710625197
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Circulation
Accession#Call#Current LocationStatusPolicyLocation
047810355.82/SUL 047810MainOn ShelfGeneral 
9
ID:   108346


Just where do Mexican cartel weapons come from? / Kuhn, David A; Bunker, Robert J   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2011.
Summary/Abstract This essay will provide an overview of the major policy positions articulated in the literature pertaining to Mexican cartel weapons origins. The four major positions related to firearms are those of the US Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATF), the Mexican government under the Felipe Calderón administration, US interest groups focusing on firearms regulation, and US interest groups focusing on firearms deregulation. The essay will then analyze the major sources of Mexican cartel weapons and then provide conclusions stemming from this analysis and the future trends identified. A component of this assessment will be the provision of gross estimates of the weapons sources themselves in order to show that Mexican cartel weapons origins are diverse in nature and have been increasing in sophistication over time from basic civilian arms into paramilitary and military arms. Part of the reason for this increase in sophistication has been the rise of Los Zetas which has resulted in a deadly 'arms race' taking place between the various Mexican cartels.
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10
ID:   144345


modern state in epochal transition: the significance of irregular warfare, state deconstruction, and the rise of new warfighting entities beyond neo-medievalism / Bunker, Robert J; Bunker, Pamela Ligouri   Article
Bunker, Robert J Article
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Summary/Abstract This article is intended to serve as a ‘think piece’ which invites readers to view current perceived changes to the conduct of modern warfare in the broader historical light outlined by proponents of epochal change theory. Neo-medievalists have gone a step in this direction and posited that these changes represent the future of warfare and are evidence of a return, in a sense, to the primary tenets of political and social organization that existed in the period commonly referred to as the Middle Ages. The contention herein is that the answer gains more accuracy if one takes a much longer historical standpoint beginning with classical civilization and moving through the medieval period to our modern world. With regard to the present, this epochal warfare analysis projects that a shift from a Westphalian to post-Westphalian global system is underway. During this period of transition – as in the transition periods between epochs which have preceded it – the dominant state form undergoes a deinstitutionalization process, and war is less about traditional issues of state sovereignty, and instead increasingly over ‘what the new form of social and political organization will be’.
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11
ID:   060713


Multilateral counter-insurgency networks / Sullivan, John P; Bunker, Robert J Winter 2002  Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication Winter 2002.
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12
ID:   137979


Narco-submarines: drug cartels innovative strategies / Ramirez, Byron ; Bunker, Robert J   Article
Bunker, Robert J Article
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Key Words Drugs  Innovative Strategies  CBRNE  Narco  Narco - Submarines  LEF 
C41STAR  STO 
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13
ID:   068184


Networks, terrorism and global insurgency / Bunker, Robert J (ed.) 2005  Book
Bunker, Robert J Book
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Publication London, Routledge, 2005.
Description xxvi, 211p.
Standard Number 0415385946
Key Words Terrorism  Insurgency  Global Insurgency 
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Circulation
Accession#Call#Current LocationStatusPolicyLocation
050993303.625/BUN 050993MainOn ShelfGeneral 
14
ID:   045988


Non-state threats and future wars / Bunker, Robert J (ed) 2003  Article
Bunker, Robert J Article
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Publication London, Frank Cass, 2003.
Description xxiv, 208p.
Standard Number 071468308
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Accession#Call#Current LocationStatusPolicyLocation
046993355.03/NON 046993MainOn ShelfGeneral 
15
ID:   060710


Operational combat analysis of the Al Qaeda network / Bunker, Robert J; Begert, Matt Winter 2002  Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication Winter 2002.
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16
ID:   077335


Perpetual Jihad: striving for a caliphate / Hazim, Hakim; Bunker, Robert J   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2006.
Summary/Abstract Many Sunni and Shiite groups have embraced a more radical version of Islam spawned by Al Qaeda. Those who adhere to this version view the struggle within Islam and against the West as a perpetual jihad ordained by God until a just caliphate emerges. Their jihad must be viewed through the lenses of eschatology. This view focuses on the five prophetic stages of Islam. Four of these stages have come to pass with a future stage to result in the rise of the caliphate and the return of the Mahdi. In order to fulfill this fifth stage, Al Qaeda and other Sunni and Shiite networks are actively promoting jihad activity.
Key Words Jihad  Al Qaeda  Caliphate  Eschatology  Prophetic Stages of Islam  Mahdi 
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17
ID:   108343


Rethinking insurgency: criminality, spirituality, and societal warfare in the Americas / Sullivan, John P; Bunker, Robert J   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2011.
Summary/Abstract Driven by globalization, Internet communications technology (ICT), and new economic forms the nature of states may be changing. Transnational criminal organizations (TCOs) - including what are commonly known as cartels - are early adopters to the new political/economic landscape. In addition to seeking to rule the illicit economy, criminal actors (networked cartels and gangs) are challenging states through high-order violence and leveraging nascent social/spiritual movements (narcocultura) to potentially usher in a new political dynamic. These violent non-state actors (criminal soldiers) are insurgent actors. They are waging new forms of insurgency - criminal and possibly spiritual - that have the potential to reconfigure states.
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18
ID:   093823


Strategic threat: narcos and narcotics overview / Bunker, Robert J   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2010.
Summary/Abstract This introductory essay provides a strategic overview of the threat posed by the largest Mexican drug cartels (The Federation, Gulf, Jurez, and Tijuana), and affiliated mercenary groups and street and prison gangs, to the United States. Cartel areas of operation in both Mexico and the United States are highlighted along with linkages to affiliated enforcers and gangs such as Los Zetas, the Mexican Mafia (La Eme), and Mara Salvatrucha (MS-13). The illegal economies of these threat groups - ranging from narcotics trafficking through commodities smuggling and theft, extortion and kidnapping, weapons trafficking, and street taxation - is discussed. The trans-operational environments involving US engagement with the Mexican cartels, mercenaries, and their Sureos affiliates is then characterized. Lastly, individual contributions to this work are summarized.
Key Words Mexico  Gangs  Mercenaries  Drug Cartels  MS-13  Narco - Insurgency 
Narco - Opfor  Narco - Trafficking  Sureos  US Homeland Security 
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19
ID:   093826


Surenos gangs and Mexican cartel use of social networking sites / Womer, Sarah; Bunker, Robert J   Journal Article
Bunker, Robert J Journal Article
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Publication 2010.
Summary/Abstract Narco use of the Internet, specifically social networking sites by Surenos gang and Mexican cartel members, is a rich yet underexplored area of research in open venues because of its sensitive nature. This essay provides overviews of Surenos gang and Mexican cartel use of the Internet by means of viewing and analyzing primary Internet sources linked to purported narcotics groups and their associates. These patterns of use were then compared to more sophisticated Internet use by terrorist groups with similarities and contrasts noted. This essay concludes with a few general observations concerning likely narco Internet use patterns that will emerge.
Key Words Internet  Terrorists  Gangs  Social Networking  MS-13  Los Zetas 
Facebook  Mexican Cartels  MySpace  Sur-13  Surenos 
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20
ID:   149585


Terrorist and insurgent unmanned aerial vehicles: use, potentials and military implications / Bunker, Robert J 2016  Book
Bunker, Robert J Book
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Publication New Delhi, Alpha Editions, 2016.
Description xiv, 55p.pbk
Standard Number 9789385505799
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Copies: C:1/I:0,R:0,Q:0
Circulation
Accession#Call#Current LocationStatusPolicyLocation
058923303.625/BUN 058923MainOn ShelfGeneral 
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