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| 1 |
ID:
152526
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| Summary/Abstract |
Over the past three decades, we have seen a flourishing of scholarship which explores the emerging political spaces and variegated scales of governance in China. This research draws on political economic tradition to argue that the way in which cities and regions are governed is indeed infused with socio-political struggles which are proliferating at a range of spatial scales. Such theoretical interpretation is illuminating, but it has been subject to increasing criticism from the poststructuralist approach that views scale as an epistemological construct. This paper uses the Pearl River Delta Intercity Railway System (PRD-ICRS) as a case study to challenge the onesidedness of both the political economy tradition and the poststructuralist approach in reading scale. It employs the “scale politics” thesis to argue that scale is more than a material existence (or institutionalised structure) that represents a particular arrangement of political power, being subject to perpetual transformation through regulatory projects and strategies. It is also a “representation trope” deployed in political discourses to acquire persuasive power to frame and legitimise these projects and strategies. Scale is thus both material and discursive. Understanding the two moments of scale enables a fuller dissection of political transformation.
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| 2 |
ID:
170980
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| Summary/Abstract |
The article investigates whether and how economic upgrading leads to social upgrading for rural migrant workers (RMWs) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of China. Two cities that represent different types of economic upgrading in the PRD, namely Shenzhen and Foshan, were selected as the investigation sites. The data were mainly obtained from statistical yearbooks and interviews with 72 informants, including RMWs, scholars, employers, and officials. The article argues that two types of economic upgrading, namely reindustrialization and tertiarization, affect the social upgrading of RMWs in different ways. However, both types of economic upgrading have caused a pushing-out effect by increasing unemployment or working intensity and living costs.
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| 3 |
ID:
185005
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| Summary/Abstract |
Existing studies have mainly focused on the labor politics of migrant workers but have inadequately accounted for ethnic minority workers, especially with regard to the importance of ethnicity to labor control and resistance. This article focuses on ethnic Yi workers in the Pearl River Delta area of China. By examining the co-ethnic brokerage of ethnic Yi migrant workers, this article illustrates that ethnicity operates in labor control and resistance from three aspects. While ethnicity is used by managers and co-ethnic Yi brokers to implement labor control, it also plays multiple roles in Yi workers’ resistance. Ethnicity is the collective identity forming the Yi workers’ solidarity. Additionally, ethnicity is the instrument used by ethnic Yi brokers to gain their own benefits. Over time, the ethnic interest of group members is compromised by brokers to retain their long-term relationship with factories. Analysis of this complicated picture contributes to the existing studies of labor politics by showing the dynamics of ethnicity in labor control and resistance on the one hand and the complex roles of co-ethnic brokerage on the other hand.
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| 4 |
ID:
052291
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Mar 2004.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Against the background of a complex and evolving statistical system, this article addresses three crucial issues in the understanding of the rapid export expansion of China in general and the Pearl River Delta in particular. First, the export orientation of the Pearl River Delta is critically assessed. The gradual emergence of export-oriented firms in the region and their spatial clustering around Hong Kong are highlighted. Secondly, the structural dimension of export expansion in the region is examined. Foreign-invested enterprises were found to be the "engine of growth." Lastly, an analysis of the spatial dimension of the foreign-invested enterprises' export component reveals that the juridical status and geographical locations of exporting firms are complementary in providing a better understanding of export expansion in China since 1978.
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| 5 |
ID:
054380
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| 6 |
ID:
119197
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2013.
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Interjurisdictional cooperation has emerged as a major recent trend in China in response to challenges from market reforms and globalization. However, given that cities are in fierce competition with one another, interjurisdictional cooperation presents many difficulties for policy making. This paper attempts to examine how cooperative partnerships can be developed, sustained, or even resisted. It uses the Guangzhou-Zhuhai Railway as a case study to explore the institutional configuration of such a practice and to understand how the historical contingencies and path-dependencies in a transitional society interact with intensive bargaining to influence partnership building. It argues that the lack of a formal institutional framework to facilitate horizontal networking forces actors to opt for ad hoc collaborative arrangements. With the objective of making joint projects workable, commitments for cooperation have to be negotiated on a case-by-case basis through extensive bargaining. Although this creates much flexibility in consensus building, it does not guarantee success: success depends on the interplay of inter-ministry politics, interscalar relations, intercity politics and state-market relations. To a certain extent, the Chinese state can go beyond economic logic and shore up its legitimacy by prioritizing development. The post-reform path-dependencies can provide current political leaders with more rather than fewer instruments with which to negotiate interjurisdictional projects, and thus have greater influence over urban and regional economic governance.
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| 7 |
ID:
127635
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Based on field studies in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in 2010 and 2011, specific paths of industrial upgrading in the garment and IT industries are identified. The analysis reveals that there exists a multiplicity of upgrading trajectories, all of which have different implications for skill development and the character of work. While the modernization of industries relies on the input of higher skilled work, primarily in the fields of R&D and marketing, this barely is the case with regard to manufacturing. While labour intensity in the examined cases is diminishing in absolute or relative terms, internal divisions between low-skilled and high-skilled work are reconfigured rather than overcome.
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| 8 |
ID:
129085
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Chinese mega-city regions have become a new scale of capital acetimulation and state regulation. In recent years these regions have attracted much scholarly attention: however. the'growing research on regional spaces in China is marked by a lack of what we term "realpo- litik" and an absence of rigorous case studies. This study uses the "politics of scale" to empin'cally investigate the realpolitik factors in the intercity railway planning process in the Pearl River Delta. To this end. we establish a two-dimensional approach to unravel the intercalary and intercity politics during this process. W'e argue that in an institutional vacuum. ad hoc measures have been frequently used to facilitate interscalar and intercity bargaining. This case study also establishes a new perspective for Uinderstaiiding China's urhaii and regional transformation. Rather than treating the state as a passive agent. coping with the powerful forces of decentralization and market reform. we argue that the state has strategically redefined itself and has become even more sophisticated in its sIi1icturcs. functions. and tactics. The traditional one-sitled and unidirectional approach to state-space analysis cannot adequately address these issues. A new perspective that considers the politics of variotis scales is needed to study the emerging state regime in China.
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| 9 |
ID:
111875
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2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper examines the interactions between subnational governments in influencing the Chinese national state in economic and spatial planning by focusing on two cases in south China, namely the pursuit of a new reform and development plan by Guangdong province in 2008 and Hong Kong's effort to position itself in China's 12th Five-Year Plan (FYP). The intergovernmental dynamics inside the Greater Pearl River Delta (PRD) can be interpreted as the policy advocacy and coordination of entrepreneurial local states in a fragmented, authoritarian polity. Guangdong province actively pursued central approval of the PRD's regional plan because central support is critical not only for approving specific projects but also for steering its development direction and providing a policy tool to impose coordination plans in order to achieve better regional coordination and resource allocation inside the Delta. The province has skilfully leveraged on Hong Kong to get central approval and delegation of power over pilot measures regarding Guangdong-Hong Kong economic cooperation. Similarly, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government's efforts to secure a privileged position for Hong Kong in the 12th FYP can be considered as a competitive positioning strategy in view of growing competition within the PRD and from other regions.
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| 10 |
ID:
129092
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
After the market reforms and opening tip ol" China in the late l97l)s. local governments played a central role in the country's rapid urbanization. particularly through the mergenee of administrative regions (MAR).
However. the effect of these MARs is still debatable. ()n the one hand. an MAR can accelerate the pace of economic growth. reshape the power structure. and establish necessary coordination among different regions. On the other hand. a MAR can have negative effects which have led to "pseudo-urbanization" in other developing countries. What is the effect of the local. state-led MAR in China'? This study examines the MAR implemented by the local government of Zhongshan city. Guangdong province. The MAR is found to be associated with the robust growth of the downtown area and of the urban population: it has gradually reshaped the socioeconomic structure of the city. the urban landscape. and the identity of its residents. MARs in China are argu- ably characterizcd b_v a transition from pseudo-urbanization to "real" urbanization. This transition cannot be explained by existing, urban theories. such as the "growth machine." "urban regime," or "entrepreneurial city." Therefore. we use the term "government-led merging urbanization" tGMLz) to define the process. We further suggest that the GML7 concept can be used as a model of urbanization or urban growth. This model provides an important perspective for examining the role played by local governments in the process of urbanization.
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| 11 |
ID:
095825
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| Publication |
2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The surge in automobile use in the Pearl River Delta region has led to a substantial elevation of ambient concentrations of vehicle-based air pollutants. These pollutants have created a region-wide air pollution problem marked by a steady increase in the number of smoggy days in the Delta, presenting a serious threat to public health. Evidence gathered from Guangzhou suggests that the city's strategy for controlling urban air pollution has not been effective in tackling the newly emerging, combustion engine-generated class of pollutants because it is misguided by a highly selective and outdated urban air quality monitoring system. The disarticulation between vehicular emissions and urban emission control measures shows that a central government-prescribed methodology for air quality monitoring can strongly influence the policy priorities and administrative behavior of local government institutions.
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| 12 |
ID:
102108
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| 13 |
ID:
144847
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| Summary/Abstract |
Over the past several years, the creative reuse of brownfields has played a major role in Chinese cities to give their urban landscape a so-called second development. This paper analyses the governance of the brownfield restructuring in Guangzhou (Canton). The research is based on a study of the T.I.T Creative Industry Zone, a highly successful creative space currently in danger of demolition. This paper follows DiGaetano and Strom's (2003) analytical governance framework. This approach allows for deciphering the complexities of decision-making through a well-structured set of interdependent categories. In Guangzhou, new policies and institutions have been promoting the restructuring and have contributed to the formalisation of public–private interactions. In general, this indicates a shift towards a more corporatist governance. However, the study of T.I.T reveals a rather intricate picture: the policymaking remains influenced by a top-down authoritative style – sometimes in an arbitrary manner – and to some extent also by particularistic exchanges. This indicates a complex mode of urban governance consisting of increasingly corporatist elements but still with managerial, and to a lesser extent, clientelistic elements. Finally, the coexistence of different governance modes seems to be a typical outcome of China's transition while still remaining more adaptive, experimental and flexible in nature.
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