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ID: 192318

Counter-peace: From isolated blockages in peace processes to systemic patterns / Visoka, Gëzim ; Pogodda, Sandra ; Richmond, Oliver P.

Richmond, Oliver P.	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

In the face of the current decline or spectacular collapse of peace processes, this article investigates whether peace has become systematically blocked. It investigates whether the ineffectiveness of an ‘international peace architecture’ (IPA) can be explained by a more potent counterpeace system, which is growing in its shadow. It identifies counterpeace as proto-systemic processes that connect spoilers across all scales (local, regional, national, transnational), while exploiting structural blockages to peace and unintended consequences of peace interventions. It elaborates three distinct patterns of blockages to peace in contemporary conflicts across the globe: the stalemate, limited counterpeace, and unmitigated counterpeace. Drawing on the counterrevolution literature, this research asks: Have peace interventions become the source of their own undoing? Which factors consolidate or aggravate emerging conflict patterns? Are blockages to peace systemic enough to construct a sedimentary and layered counterpeace edifice?

Key Words

Russia ; Ukraine ; Peacemaking ; Counterpeace ; International Peace Architecture ; Blockages to Peace

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ID: 052311

UN peace operations and the dilemmas of the peacebuilding conse / Richmond, Oliver P.

Spring 2004 Journal Article

Richmond, Oliver P.	Journal Article
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Spring 2004.

Summary/Abstract

What is the nature of the 'peace' that is being installed in conflict zones through UN peace operations? It tends to be assumed that UN peace operations contribute to the construction of a liberal international order made up of democratic states. In practice this has often resulted in a 'virtual peace' based upon contested attempts to import liberal democratic models. This essay argues that much of the impetus for this type of thinking arises from a liberal desire to 'resolve' conflict - to reproduce a positive peace through contemporary peace operations rather than the negative peace that was supported by more traditional peacekeeping. 'Peace' in some cases now legitimates and rests upon long-standing and deep interventions in conflict zones via a 'peacebuilding consensus'. This lies in a peace constituted by a specific form of external governance. Understanding these developments clearly shows how important peace operations are in creating forms of peace as a contribution to the remaking of the global order.

Key Words

Peacekeeping Operations ; United Nations

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