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| 1 |
ID:
192591
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| Summary/Abstract |
An electromagnetic pulse (EMP) may be naturally occurring or can be created from the detonation of a nuclear weapon high above the Earth’s surface. Various presidential administrations have grappled with how to best manage risks around EMP threats. As this paper explains, the nuclear EMP debate is unfortunately often framed between two extremes. Some administrations have focused on naturally occurring EMP threats, such as space weather events, whereas others have focused predominately on the nuclear EMP threat, or even taken a hybrid approach here. Despite this contretemps, protecting against one form of an EMP threat thankfully also serves to protect against the other. Thus, this paper recommends that the United States Government and private sector work together to harden the electric grid from both natural and man-made EMP incidents, and establish an EMP Manhattan Project to develop national contingency plans for such scenarios.
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| 2 |
ID:
129710
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| 3 |
ID:
017625
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| Publication |
2000.
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| Description |
1333-1350
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| 4 |
ID:
065282
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| Publication |
Sep-Oct 2005.
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| 5 |
ID:
091823
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Relations between the European Union and North Africa have veered away from the political vision expounded under the Barcelona Process. The Union for the Mediterranean will likely deepen this trend. The Euro-Mediterranean space is increasingly characterized by competitive, containment-based and exclusionary security strategies. The more political dimensions of the partnership are now given short shrift and the EU appears inattentive to the dynamics of change within North African societies. Countries such as Spain and the UK have been overly passive in rescuing the Euro-Med vision from French diplomacy and the nature of relations between Europe and North Africa are increasingly out of sync with the changing international system.
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| 6 |
ID:
085465
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| Publication |
2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In this paper, the focus will be on the EU's region-building practice in the Mediterranean via an evaluation of the successes and failures of the EMP, ENP and operations under the ESDP. With this aim in mind, some general approaches to region-building and how the Mediterranean is defined will be briefly examined. Drawing on the experiences of the Union on the ground, an assessment will be made as to what the next move of the Union in the Mediterranean will be in order for it to realise the aims stated in the Union's Security Document.
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| 7 |
ID:
052870
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| Publication |
Apr-Jun 2004.
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| 8 |
ID:
139318
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| 9 |
ID:
092964
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article assesses early twenty-first-century dynamics in the Mediterranean area as indications of the limited success of countries in the region to integrate further into the emerging international system.
Successive attempts to enhance regional and subregional dynamics across the Mediterranean have remained in an embryonic stage at best. A review of foreign policy priorities of the riparian states reveals a divergence in agenda setting, with either EU membership or subregional affairs dominating the foreign policy strategic planning. There is little to indicate that an intensification of trans-Mediterranean regional dynamics is taking place.
Until France officially took the initiative to promote the Union for the Mediterranean initiative in 2008, interest was waning in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership that was launched in November 1995. The Union for the Mediterranean offers the blueprint to address the physical architectural deficit that has prevented the Mediterranean area from becoming a coherent, functional economic regional space.
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