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ID: 150080

Intolerant allies: : Canada and the George W. Bush administration, 2001–2005 / Hillmer, Norman; Azzi, Stephen

Hillmer, Norman	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

This analysis examines the disharmony in American–Canadian relations in the period from 2001 to 2005. Canada and the United States co-operated in the early days after the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, managing their mutual border and fighting the war in Afghanistan. Yet they soon came into conflict over American plans to invade Iraq and create a ballistic missile defence [BMD] system for North America. President George W. Bush and Paul Cellucci, his ambassador in Ottawa, were insensitive to Canadian concerns. Canadian leaders sent mixed messages to Washington, hinting that they would support a war in Iraq and participate in the BMD system, but ultimately deciding against each. The article examines the limitations of the tolerant ally interpretation of the Canadian–American relationship and illuminates the role of leadership in the rupture that took place between the two countries.

Key Words

Canada ; George W. Bush Administration ; Intolerant Allies ; 2001–2005

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ID: 178194

Minority governments and Canada’s confused foreign investment policy / Azzi, Stephen

Azzi, Stephen	Journal Article
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Three case studies demonstrate that federal limits on foreign investment in Canada have been motivated by political not economic considerations. The cases—the abortive 1963 tax on foreign takeovers, the 1973–1974 creation of the Foreign Investment Review Agency, and the 2008 and 2010 decisions to block the purchase of two Canadian companies—shared many features. All three involved minority governments that were vulnerable to shifts in public opinion. All three governments were skeptical about turning away foreign capital. Yet all three undertook measures to limit investment. All three then abandoned the policy as soon as political circumstances changed. This decision-making process helps explain why Canadian foreign investment policy has often been confused and inconsistent.

Key Words

Nationalism ; Canada ; Foreign investment ; Minority Government ; Foreign Investment Review Agency ; Investment Canada

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ID: 068174

Negotiating cultural space in the global economy: the United States, UNESCO, and the convention on cultural diversity / Azzi, Stephen

Azzi, Stephen	Journal Article
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2005.

Key Words

WTO ; International Trade ; Global Economy ; Trade

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