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ID:
083868
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| Publication |
2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper examines changes in the membership structure of the Communist Party of China during the 1990s. It concentrates on urban China to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic characteristics of the region (city) and the age, educational, and occupational structures of the regional party. The major findings are as follows. First, the development of marketization has widened opportunities for the younger generation to achieve socioeconomic success outside party membership. Second, the younger generation's incentives for joining the party have consequently been increasingly important determinants of the party's membership structure. Third, the subsequent technocratic reorganization of the urban party seems to have progressed through the conventional bureaucratic-elite path in the government and publicly owned sectors rather than through the newly emerging qualified professional-elite path
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| 2 |
ID:
134878
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper discusses data used in publishing statistics on earnings, the distribution of household income and poverty in China by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) which is widely used by policy makers, international agencies and researchers. Unlike many other countries, China until recently had a dual system of household surveys — one rural and one urban. This has had consequences for providing official data on wages, income and poverty which we discuss along with other challenges. Since the end of the 1980s, researchers have been active in the construction of large databases aimed at mapping earnings, household income and poverty, and we present seven of these in the paper.
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| 3 |
ID:
188153
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study examines the impacts of public transfers on income inequality and poverty reduction in rural China. It uses nationally representative rural household surveys from the China Household Income Project and classifies public transfers into three types – universal, pro-poor, and reimbursable transfers – to compare the impacts of each type of public transfer in 2013 and 2018. Estimated results show that the contributions of each type of public transfer to reducing income inequality were generally small in both 2013 and 2018. However, the effects of reimbursable transfers were the largest of the three types. We also found that the poverty-reducing effects were the largest for reimbursable transfers, and their impacts have considerably improved in the western region. The impacts of pro-poor transfers were intermediate but have developed notably in the central region. These findings suggest that reimbursable and pro-poor transfers contributed mainly to reducing rural poverty but the impacts were heterogeneous among regions.
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| 4 |
ID:
069043
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