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ID: 103196

Balancing beyond the horizon? explaining aggregate EU naval mil / Kluth, Michael Friederich; Pilegaard, Jess

Pilegaard, Jess	Journal Article
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2011.

Summary/Abstract

The present paper seeks to make sense of recent European Union (EU) naval capability changes by applying neo-realist theory to the EU as a collective actor in the global balance of power. The paper compares two different strands of neo-realist theory by deducing key predictions about the expected naval posture of the Union and the corresponding expected changes in capabilities. These predictions are subsequently held up against post-cold war data on naval acquisitions in the EU. The paper concludes that the observed patterns are best explained not as bandwagoning with the USA, but as a long-term balancing strategy aimed at bolstering the autonomy and international influence of the Union vis-a-vis other major powers, including the USA.

Key Words

EU ; Naval ; Balancing ; Neo - Realism

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ID: 074226

Costs of non-Europe? Denmark and the common security and defence policy / Olsen, Gorm Rye; Pilegaard, Jess

Olsen, Gorm Rye	Journal Article
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Publication

2005.

Summary/Abstract

The paper discusses a still more obvious foreign policy dilemma facing Denmark: On the one hand, Denmark has made a proactive foreign policy decision to pursue a strategy of influence with the European Union as the most important international forum. On the other hand, Denmark has chosen to stay outside the increasingly important cooperation on defence policy within the EU. As a small state, Denmark is opting for a multilateral strategy, but it has deliberately chosen to limit its commitment to the same forum. A combination of adaptation theory and theory of small states informs the analysis. It is argued that the Danish opt-out sends an unclear and inconsistent signal to Denmark's partners which again hampers the possibilities for using Danish coalition power within the EU. Nevertheless, contrary to both theoretical expectations and common sense intuition, there is little to suggest that the opt-out has had negative consequences for Denmark's influence on capabilities in the EU.

Key Words

Denmark ; Common Security and Defence Policy ; International Relations - Case Studies

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