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ID: 107891

Economic origins of Indonesia's secessionist conflicts / Tadjoeddin, Mohammad Zulfan

Tadjoeddin, Mohammad Zulfan	Journal Article
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Publication

2011.

Summary/Abstract

This article details the argument for the economic origins of the secessionist challenge posed by Indonesia's four resource-rich regions. The desire of rich regions to retain their own wealth conflicts with the national goal of sharing social welfare for equitable development across the country. The grievances of relative deprivation and aspiration to inequality were related to the distribution of resource rent by the autocratic regime of Suharto. Democratic transition opened up political space in which the resource-rich regions addressed their grievances, pushing the country to the edge of disintegration. The main policy response to the problem was decentralisation as part of the overall democratisation process. The policy has been successful so far in achieving its political objective; however, in the long run, people of the rich regions may be disillusioned because there is a risk that the supposed economic benefits of decentralisation may not materialise.

Key Words

Indonesia ; Democratisation ; Economic Origins ; Secessionist Conflicts ; Wealth Conflicts

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ID: 074560

How did Europe democratize? / Ziblatt, Daniel

Ziblatt, Daniel	Journal Article
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Publication

2006.

Summary/Abstract

How was democracy achieved in nineteenth-century Europe? This article reviews fours recent books that bring democracy's first wave "back in" to mainstream political science. By launching an important two-way interchange between earlier and subsequent waves of democratization, the books address three core questions: what prompts democratic openings; who are the most important actors in the push for democratization; and once undertaken, how is democracy secured. The four works offer different and at times competing answers to these questions, but all suggest that democracy's first wave was neither exceptional nor inevitable. Instead, it was marked by its own share of concessions and uncertainties, indicating the enduring relevance of Europe's democratization for contemporary cases.

Key Words

Europe ; Democratization ; Economic Origins

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