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| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
077165
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| 2 |
ID:
077164
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In order to satisfy the European laws and regulations that constitute the European Union acquis of the Copenhagen criteria, the ruling Justice and Development Party legislated a total of nine harmonization laws from 2002 to 2004. This essay focuses on four amendments made within the Seventh Harmonization Package, which restructured the composition and functions of the National Security Council, causing speculation that such reforms would emasculate the centrifugal power of the military high command, shifting the balance of civil-military relations to the suits. This essay challenges the view that reforms have brought about a change in civil-military relations in Turkey. Using a number of examples, it will be shown that the balance of power in fact remains in favor of the military
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| 3 |
ID:
077163
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Justice and Development Party (AKP) has become an effective and highly dynamic force in Turkish politics. The short time span between its sudden birth and its rise to power, as well as its remarkable achievements in economic and social reforms as part of the process towards European integration, has drawn a lot of attention to the party. It is important to investigate the circumstances in which the party was born, the interests it represents, and the political space it is likely to fill. In order to do that, the AKP will be first analyzed by an approach based on the argument that political parties, identities, and discourses do not develop independently from political, societal, and historical realities through which new threats, opportunities, interests, and knowledge are formed. Second, it will be argued that political parties have their own momentum and dynamism in terms of their historical continuity and the socialization of their leaders and adherents. Turkey, despite the continuity of its historical memory, is undergoing a radical social transformation. By interpreting the AKP in the context of these transformations, a representative picture of its dynamic and contextual (deterministic) existence can be drawn out. The article concludes that the AKP is neither a political design of its leaders and conditions, nor is it a political becoming understood and shaped by public perceptions and expectations; it is both
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| 4 |
ID:
077154
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| 5 |
ID:
077167
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This essay looks at Turkey's foreign policy towards the US-led multinational forces in Iraq in both 1990-91 and 2003. In both cases, the United States requested Turkey's cooperation; in 1990, Turkey joined the international coalition, yet in 2003, Turkey remained neutral. This essay examines the factors influencing the positions Turkey's leaders took in both cases with the overall aim of understanding the motivations behind Turkish foreign policy in general
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