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ID: 077672

Evolution of South Korea’s rural institutions: the political economy of export promotion and market protection / Pinkston, Daniel A

Pinkston, Daniel A	Journal Article
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2007.

Summary/Abstract

South Korea's economic takeoff in the 1960s triggered a scholarly debate over the causes behind its economic growth. Neoclassical economists and "statist" scholars focused on government policies toward the industrial sector, but as this article shows, they have neglected to consider the political economy behind the government's targeting of the agricultural and livestock sectors for export promotion. In fact, the South Korean government's support of export-led growth-aimed at the rural sector as well as industry-transformed the nation's agricultural and livestock institutions from instruments of development and export promotion into protectionist mechanisms. This article discusses how complete market liberalization would have resulted in more efficient resource allocation and reveals how political considerations affected the institutional arrangement in the South Korean countryside and the subsequent liberalization of agricultural and beef markets.

Key Words

economic development, agriculture, livestock, institutions, Protection ; Export Promotion ; National Livestock Cooperatives Federation ; NLCF ; Park Chung Hee

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ID: 153317

Media exposure and regime support under competitive authoritarianism: evidence from South Korea / Song, B K; Cho, Joan E; Lee, Jae Seung

Song, B K	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

This study explores whether and how exposure to mass media affects regime support in competitive authoritarian regimes. Using geographical and temporal variation in newspaper circulation and radio signal strength in South Korea under Park Chung Hee's competitive authoritarian rule (1961–1972), we find that greater exposure to media was correlated with more opposition to the authoritarian incumbent, but only when the government's control of the media was weaker. When state control of the media was stronger, the correlation between media exposure and regime support disappeared. Through a content analysis of newspaper articles, we also demonstrate that the regime's tighter media control is indeed associated with pro-regime bias in news coverage. These findings from the South Korean case suggest that the liberalizing effect of mass media in competitive authoritarian regimes is conditional on the extent of government control over the media.

Key Words

Korea ; Radio ; Newspaper ; Park Chung Hee ; Competitive Authoritarianism ; Media Control

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