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| 1 |
ID:
077759
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| 2 |
ID:
136052
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article seeks to accomplish four tasks. It explores the historical relationship between the financing instruments that dominated different phases of the evolution of the UN development system and the understanding of the concept of multilateralism. Bearing in mind this historical context, it seeks to analyse the defining characteristics of multilateral finance in the context of the UN, in particular the characteristics that make a financial instrument more or less multilateral. It then explores a number of new financial instruments and their possible impact on the future shape multilateralism takes in the UN system. The article concludes with some thoughts on financing for a new multilateralism. In order to go beyond the core/non-core stalemate, it is necessary to develop a new variable geometry based on function, which brings into play assessed, negotiated pledges, voluntary core and non-core instruments.
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| 3 |
ID:
158262
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study explores how Laos PDR has its adjusted institutional settings in response to China’s aid. The study argues that the donor-oriented approach is not sufficient to explain Chinese overseas development assistance (ODA) to Laos. An alternative explanation, using a recipient-oriented approach, is instead presented so that the divergence of necessity, development paths and norms, and attempts of the recipient country to change its institutional structure in response to the operation of the donor, can enhance understanding of the characteristics of Chinese aid to Laos. The study demonstrates that although Laos has attempted to systematically institutionalize the administration of ODA, the institutional configuration of Chinese ODA is informally embedded and based on flexible strategy, limited transparency, and personal relationships. Chinese ODA disbursements are open to negotiation, even if the purpose of ODA projects contradicts Chinese policy. The ODA framework developed by Laos is limited in transparency and depends on the preferences of donors. This study illustrates that personal relationships have affected the smooth implementation of projects. Such ‘embedded informality’ helps facilitate positive perceptions of high-ranking Laotian government officials towards Chinese ODA in terms of responsiveness to the latter country’s land link strategy, fast project approval periods, and high predictability of project approvals.
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| 4 |
ID:
170123
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| Summary/Abstract |
One of the main focuses of the Abe administration’s foreign policy is overseas infrastructure development assistance. Evidence suggests that Japan has returned to its traditional approach to foreign aid, the “Japan model,” after an interval of a few decades. This article analyzes the international and domestic contexts behind the recent changes in Japan’s aid policy.
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