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| 1 |
ID:
078702
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In 1995-1996 the hemisphere's multilateral forum, the Organization of American States, launched a conflict prevention and management program in Guatemala entitled "Culture of Dialogue: Development of Resources for Peacebuilding in Guatemala." The overarching goal was to help Guatemalans address ongoing tensions and political disputes, particularly related to the implementation of the historic peace accords. This article provides a detailed account of this OAS attempt to prevent and diffuse conflict, suggesting that it represents a novel effort that draws heavily on the conflict transformation approach to conflict management. Still, it argues that, at the conceptual level, there appears to be a disconnect between this approach to conflict prevention and the Organization's broader approach to peacebuilding, which embraces a free-market path to development, including the implementation of market-oriented economic reforms.
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| 2 |
ID:
116426
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2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Abstract The South American country of Guyana has a history of turmoil and violence around its presidential elections. The 2006 elections, however, were cited as largely free of violence and post-election unrest. While the peaceful outcome may be attributed to a number of factors, the involvement of the Organization of American States in setting up an electoral observation mission and in engaging in preventive diplomacy played a constructive role in the process, in addition to other ongoing initiatives. This article examines the OAS' use of its mandate for the preservation of democracy as an entry point for conflict prevention. In particular, it analyzes the role of election monitoring and the facilitation of dialogue as a form of preventive diplomacy. The article argues that the Guyana case provides an example of the OAS using its democracy promotion mandate to prevent conflict, specifically election-related violence. It also highlights some of the critiques of OAS work in the area of democracy promotion and election monitoring, noting that the organization has engaged in these activities only in selective cases that meet specific criteria.
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| 3 |
ID:
121219
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Cuba is special, an anomaly in the hemisphere. The most infamous reason
for Cuba's outlying status is that this country of 11 million has had a hostile
relationship with the United States for over ?ve decades. For much of
this time, Havana was isolated by many other states in the region. Cuba's
relationship with Canada is unique in this regard since the ties between
Havana and Ottawa were never severed. This bilateral relationship remained
distinct despite pressure from Washington and changes of Canadian
government. Canada, meanwhile, has maintained its close allegiance with
the United States and has attempted at various times to use its friendship
with both states to bring the two sides together. Canada has also advocated
Cuba's inclusion in the region's international organizations.
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