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ID:
079715
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The 'London elite' that constructs British discourses on terror and
threat have moved from underplaying the threat of terrorism to the
United Kingdom (UK) to overplaying it (in terms of how public rhetoric
relates to threat perceptions). This for three reasons: a view that the British
public are more resilient in the face of terror than was first thought, and an
assessment that more pressure must be put onto 'British Muslim' communities
to prevent radicalisation; a growing sense that there is something
'wrong' with Islam itself, and not just with the extremists; and a perceived
need to be more robust in talking about threats as authority has declined,
in part due to the occupation in Iraq. The danger is that these moves could
themselves create deeper social divisions. In addition, these debates have
affected and been affected by debates on Britishness. Far from seeing the
perpetrators of terrorist acts and plans in the UK as being inherently
foreign in motivation, this paper seeks to situate them in their British
context.
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| 2 |
ID:
079714
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article attempts to place Islamism within the context of the current
world order. The first of its two parts looks at the way in which many of the
popular conceptions of Islamism circulate in popular, journalistic and
public policy narratives. Within this context, the paper criticises these narratives
for providing a misleading and deeply flawed perception of Islamism
and what it actually represents as a religion and a political philosophy. The
second part of the paper examines the extent to which the emergence of a
new discourse in the West, which is referred to as Eurocentrism, has
impacted on our understanding of Islamism and obstructed our ability to
achieve a more perceptive vista of Islamism in terms of what it stands for
and what it is trying to achieve
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| 3 |
ID:
079716
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This essay examines the legend and legacy of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.
Through his exploits, Zarqawi attained a legendary stature in the global
jihadist movement. His ability to evade capture for three years in the midst
of a massive manhunt in an occupied country is without precedent in
modern military history. By doing so, he developed an aura of invincibility
that kept alive the spirit of jihadism while al- Qaeda was quickly being
dismantled and enabled the organization to be successfully transformed
into the movement of al-Qaedism, which inspired jihadists from around
the globe to converge on Iraq. However, his brutal attacks against the Shi'a
were highly divisive and prevented the development of a truly nationalist
insurgency from taking hold in Iraq as well as undercutting Islamic unity in
the Middle East
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| 4 |
ID:
079717
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The scope of the article is to examine Operations 'Enduring Freedom' and
'Iraqi Freedom' (OEF and OIF) by assessing the merits and demerits of a
process the Bush administration seems to have unequivocally endorsed.
The paper will argue that although Donald Rumsfeld's vision for transformation
has allowed the military to achieve certain objectives during the
destructive phase of war, it has failed to recognize the importance of
stretching the effects-based canvas of war to include post-conflict stabilization
operations. The paper will conclude by arguing that the unilateralist
tendencies of the Bush administration, the spirit of which has been
extended to its defence doctrine, unless re-oriented, will undermine the
effectiveness of America's ability to annihilate conventional and unconventional
adversaries
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| 5 |
ID:
079718
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper explains how the tiny city-state of Singapore successfully developed
a strategy and capability to defend both its territorial integrity and its
vital national interests in a region where it was effectively surrounded by
potentially hostile states. Based on the island-state's 'Total Defence'
concept, scarce resources have been harnessed to construct a consensualsociety, a powerful economy, and a strong military, all committed to the
defence of sovereignty. The constraints of 'small size' have been overcome
by several factors: a sensible and visionary defence policy; a conscription and
reservist manpower model; a 'dual-use' approach to defence industrialisation;
a force multiplier policy aimed at exploiting Singapore's revealed
technological comparative advantage; and a training and international
diplomacy regime fostering friendly relations with some of the world's most
powerful nations. Singapore's national security strategy has led to this small
country becoming the most militarily strong nation in South-East Asia
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