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| 1 |
ID:
142730
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| Summary/Abstract |
Energy affects almost all aspects of life and enormously contribute in economic, social and political development, which is sustainable as well. Energy, in this way, by ensuring socio-economic development augments the well-being of people and at the same time gives political leverage uplifting the country's position in the international realm. The present world is changing at a very fast rate and there is growing demand for hydrocarbon energy for the speedy development of the nations. Consequently, it can be said that the forthcoming decades will probably bring about significant modifications in the global energy scenario. Therefore, there is requirement to change the strategic orientation related to new concepts of energy and their implications.
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| 2 |
ID:
079855
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| Publication |
2007.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The disorder in Timor-Leste in 2006, the collapse of the Alkatiri government, and the political crisis following the 2007 parliamentary elections have all fuelled speculation that the country is a potential 'failing state'. After outlining the history of the latter concept, this paper examines the Timor-Leste case in relation to the phenomena associated with social and political instability. It has exhibited tensions between the civil regime and the military, apparently deepening ethnic/regional differences, weakness in governance institutions and a dependence upon state office as a means to wealth/power; all of these factors are associated with instability. In addition, some policy choices have fostered particular grievances. Timor-Leste's situation with reference specifically to the comparative literatures on 'state failure' and on 'Africanisation' is then reviewed. State failure literature suggests that regime type and executive recruitment and participation practices are crucial; as a new democracy hitherto dominated by a distinct political faction and facing vital electoral contests, the political system was bound to exhibit turbulence. However, Timor-Leste should be seen in a broader comparative context; accordingly though clearly at risk some caveats should be entered on the prospects for 'failure' of the Timor-Leste state. Timor Leste never having been the site of a fully functioning state, its politics more resemble Melanesia than Africa
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