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AKTAY, YASIN (2) answer(s).
 
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ID:   080709


European values and the Muslim world: Turkish cases at the European Court of Human Rights / Aktay, Yasin   Journal Article
Aktay, Yasin Journal Article
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Publication 2008.
Summary/Abstract 'Europe' is supposed to be an Enlightenment project that embodies the accumulated experiences of modernity. This project declares that secularism and human rights are the basic conditions for creating an ideal world that is expected to be embodied within the institution of the European Union. The integration of Europe has been based above all on the acceptance of standardized human rights that are the expression of the heritage of the Enlightenment. The realization of human rights requires political neutrality towards all religions, which in turn guarantees the legal equality of all citizens. It is only if secularism can be made the social and legal foundation of Europe that Turkey's accession to the EU as a Muslim country might be made possible. Otherwise the EU is most likely to remain a Christian-oriented union within a non-secular context. However, there seems to be some resistance to accepting Turkey on religious grounds. This in turn undermines the so-called 'European values' (at the top of which is secularism) and revives the religious memory of Europe. The cases investigated in the European Court of Human Rights demonstrate that religious differences are still taken into account within the European project and that this has become a new barrier to the true realization of 'European values'. This paper aims to analyze the causes and effects of this encounter and the ways in which it is viewed within the Turkish-Islamic world with special references to its role in shaping a nationalist or Islamist identity that may work to counter Turkey's integration with Europe
Key Words Human Rights  ;  Multiculturalism  ;  Secularism  ;  Europian Muslims  ;  Headcarf  ;  Islam 
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2
ID:   095186


Politics at home, politics in the world: the return of the political in Turkish foreign policy / Aktay, Yasin   Journal Article
Aktay, Yasin Journal Article
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Publication 2010.
Summary/Abstract The "political" has been absent from Turkish foreign policy because the main difficulties facing the country were considered almost constitutive elements of Turkish national existence, so that they are kept incurable. This essay includes a brief history of the absence of the political in Turkish foreign policy. Some conservative and dogmatic considerations of limits in political life have been typical obstacles to change. When politicians address the obstacles, they threaten many economic and political interests. A radically different, recent approach in Turkey promotes political action to achieve "zero problems with the neighbors." While we could previously see the removal of the political from foreign policy in Turkey, now we also can see the clear return of the political.
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