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ID:
081321
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2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
NASA has an elaborate process for identifying and mitigating technical risks in its human space exploration program. However, non-technical risks-political, economic, and societal-are not captured in this process. Such risks are large in number, diverse in character, often unpredictable, and can be impossible to prevent because they are beyond the space agency's control. NASA's mission directorates are responsible for long-term strategic planning, so despite the difficulties, the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD) must direct its attention to long-term sustainability risks and the development of mitigation plans. This article surveys long-term risk factors and, where possible, makes suggestions on mitigation approaches for consideration by ESMD and NASA's top management.
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| 2 |
ID:
081322
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| Publication |
2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article argues that what naval power was to the 17th century-knitting together separate trading systems and bridging new resources, wealth, mobility, and establishing an international system of trade that pulled various powers into the dominant power's orbit-space power can be for the 21st century. To this end, airmen must take a wider view of what strategic value the United States Air Force (USAF) can provide for the United States (U.S.) beyond support for warfighting
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| 3 |
ID:
081324
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| Publication |
2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
If and when interplanetary and interstellar trade develop, it will be novel in two respects. First, the distances and time spans involved will reduce all or nearly all trade to the exchange of intangible goods. That threatens the possibility of conducting business in a genuinely common currency and of enforcing debt agreements incurred by governments. Second, interstellar trade suggests trade between humans and aliens. Cultural distance is a probable obstacle to initiating and sustaining such trade. Such exchange also threatens the release of new and dangerous memes
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| 4 |
ID:
081323
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| Publication |
2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The American spacefaring dream, which envisions average Americans being able to safely and routinely travel to and work in space, remains the American public's benchmark for measuring progress in America's human space enterprises. This article begins with a brief review of the ideas and developments that led up to the formation of the American spacefaring dream in the late 1950s. It continues with discussion of how building new logistics infrastructure capabilities has enabled America to lead the world in opening new physical and technological frontiers and why this provides a successful model for fulfilling the American spacefaring dream of opening the space frontier. The article concludes with the identification of specific planning objectives to guide the development, construction, and operation of an integrated American spacefaring logistics infrastructure
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| 5 |
ID:
081320
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| Publication |
2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Chinese ASAT test resulted in a kill to a derelict satellite and the production of a debris field that now threatens other satellites in low earth orbit. More importantly, this event crossed a potentially dangerous threshold in the "weaponization" of space. Space assets are now perceived as more vulnerable than ever to direct attack or from accidental damage from orbital debris. This article focuses on the U.S. military response to the Chinese ASAT test. The U.S. military has three basic perspectives from which to react to ths test. First, it can prepare to act offensively to eliminate threats. Secondly, it can choose to develop and field defensive systems. Finally, it can engage in space security cooperation to protect U.S. and international space-based assets and defuse an arms race. The direction the U.S. military takes will ultimately be a function of larger U.S. government policy and national security decisions. On the eve of the election of a new U.S. administration, we find ourselves at a strategic crossroads concerning the protection of our interests in space. The road we take may have far-reaching implications and consequences. It is in our best national security interests to tread carefully and get it right
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