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ID:
082355
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2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Are cities significant fulcrums through which new relations between historic substate nationalism and contemporary European governance are being forged? Using case studies of Basque cities (Spain) and Sarajevo (Bosnia), the study explores the link between Europeanization and identity-based substate nationalism, with special focus on how city interests affect that relationship. In Basque Country, city actors have taken advantage of the new structures and opportunities in Europe to strengthen and to modernize sub-state nationalism. In Sarajevo, European governance is managing the city and substate region in order to overcome war-hardened group identities. Whether active agents or regulated entities, cities are key axes in redefining relations between substate nationalism and the new Europe
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| 2 |
ID:
098708
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2010.
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In order to step up its efforts in reducing climate change, the European Commission (hereafter: the Commission) has launched in June 2000 its European climate change program (hereafter: ECCP). This wide-ranging stakeholder consultation aimed at identifying and developing all elements necessary for a European climate change strategy. The ECCP formally came to a close in April 2003.
This paper analyses the inner workings of ECCP, and how ECCP has delivered with regard to its objectives. Special attention is paid to ECCP's Working Group 1, "Flexible Mechanisms", which developed the foundations for the European emission trading scheme (hereafter: EU ETS). The paper draws on documents published on the Commission's ECCP web-site, on academic literature, on press releases from stakeholders and on interviews with four participants in the ECCP process. Using this method, the paper offers important insights as to how the consensus-building for establishing the world's biggest carbon-trading scheme has started long time before the formal legislative process.
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| 3 |
ID:
113030
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2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The European way of doing space differs from others in that, while carried out cooperatively, there is no fully integrated space policy. This is inevitable in a non-sovereign entity whose members do not have the same priorities in many vital sectors such as energy, industry and political economy, and has nevertheless produced some excellent programmes. But, against the background of the worldwide increase in space players and capabilities, Europe's current lack of ambition and foresight, and its limited ability to respond to external developments are worrying. It needs to be more open about its governance and financing plans, something missing from the latest European Commission communication. In these difficult economic times a complete rethinking of future space plans would enable Europe to prioritise on the strategic niches which must be preserved, while proper investigation of the management failures of the flagship programmes might help avoid such difficulties in the future.
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