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| 1 |
ID:
152032
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article explores the paradox in the reaction of the United States to the two different proliferation cases: Pakistan's proliferation and Iran's weaponization effort. The article tries to find answer to the following key question; why the United States, as one of the guardians of the Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) which would prefer to see a region that is entirely free of weapons of mass destruction, ultimately has accepted Pakistan's proliferation, while imposed considerable amount of pressure to stop Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons.
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| 2 |
ID:
149706
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THROUGHOUT THE HISTORY of human civilization, the system of international relations has been moving through radical changes toward complexity and perfection. Today, we have arrived at a unified and homogenous system of commonly accepted norms and rules of behavior approved and recognized by the absolute majority of states. This system emerged from fragments each belonging to its own specific historical stage of social development and related to political, philosophic, cultural, religious and other distinctive features of countries and regions.
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| 3 |
ID:
093968
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| 4 |
ID:
104762
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2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Since 9/11, the security investment in major sporting events has risen as terrorism remains at the top of the list of risks. Like other Games before it, London 2012 will not only have to deter threats to the event, but also ensure a lasting legacy for the national security infrastructure. The UK must embrace an inclusive, integrated approach that incorporates the best lessons of previous Olympic Games, and contributes to the improvement of major event security for future host nations.
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| 5 |
ID:
086957
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2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
After a hard-fought battle that saw China clinch the bid to host the XXIX Olympic Games, the country put comparable efforts into upgrading its intellectual property laws, not only to bring them into consonance with the provisions of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), but also to accord the Olympic-related intellectual property rights the appropriate protection. Despite these efforts, China is still plagued with a myriad of TRIPS compliance problems. The Olympic Games presented the opportunity that China needed to light the torch that would help it repair the damage caused to its image by issues such as reverse engineering of almost everything under the sun, as well as those relating to enforcement and protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs), etc., and cause it to be seen in a positive light by the rest of the world. The world watched China closely for the weeks of the Olympic Games and will be watching it, even after the Olympic torch has flickered out, to see whether the enforcement and protection of IPRs will outlast the Olympic ceremony.
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| 6 |
ID:
104761
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2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In one sense, the London Olympic Games are already under attack: dozens of suspected fraudsters were arrested as tickets went on sale on 15 March 2011. But there are other major risks identified, including terrorism. Now, as construction of the venues nears completion and security plans move towards the operational stage, Margaret Gilmore interviews the key players in the efforts to secure the event, and assesses the risks to the Games and the security arrangements being put in place to counter them.
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| 7 |
ID:
083019
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2008.
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The Chinese leadership is caught between the demands of populism and internationalism. Again and again, in order to win international approval, the government has had to buck public sentiments that the party propaganda machine itself has helped to foster
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| 8 |
ID:
103380
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2011.
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Mega-events present a special venue for the practice of risk management. This article analyses the management of security risks in the case of two sporting mega-events, the London 2012 Olympic Games and the FIFA 2006 World Cup in Germany. To what extent do strategies and practices of risk management resemble each other across events? And what explains similarities or differences in the tools of risk management observed in each of these cases? First, this article explores three theoretical explanations for the choice of particular policy tools or instruments. Second, it introduces the tools of government approach as a means of conducting a direct comparative analysis of risk management across political and organizational settings and over time. The tools used for security risk management at the two mega-events are then compared and the different logics of tool choice are evaluated. This analytical approach offers a basis for future comparative inquiry into tools of risk management used in public and private organizations. The empirical findings highlight the particular importance of national political systems in influencing tool choice.
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| 9 |
ID:
118726
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2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
When in Europe, I am often asked about my occupation at home. My answer, "I study the ethnography of the peoples of the Northern Caucasus," baffles people; most of them do not know where to look for the Caucasus on the map, however everyone recognizes the word "Chechens," an echo of the Chechen wars of the 1990s.
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| 10 |
ID:
110785
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2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article conducts a theoretical and empirical analysis of political protest activity surrounding the modern Olympic Games. Although the Olympics are certainly among the world's most prominent and recognized events, they have seldom been explored from a political perspective within the mainstream International Relations and transnational protest literatures. We argue, however, that the Olympics provide a theoretically interesting context in which to examine political contention in International Relations in large part because they provide such a unique opportunity structure for a range of actors to exercise power in pursuit of their goals. The article presents an original dataset of all protest occurring between 1896 and 2008 and uses these data to show that not only has Olympic political contention grown substantially over time, but it also has evolved in interesting ways in terms of the particular actors engaged in contention, the tactics they use, and the resistance they face. Furthermore, we suggest that the study of the Olympics has important implications for understanding the power and power limitations of those actors (including transnational advocacy networks, international institutions, and sovereign states) participating in Olympic protest.
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| 11 |
ID:
113282
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article traces the emergence of security at the Olympic Games as a key concern of host governments and of the Olympic movement and analyses the implications of this heightened concern for the delivery of the Games, the local host community and for national security policy. It is argued that the Olympic Games, as a high profile media event, provide an increasingly attractive political opportunity structure for a range of political actors-an attraction that is intensified when the Games are held in a world city such as London. Since the 9/11 attacks in New York there has been a sharp increase in security expenditure for the Olympic Games, arguably significantly out of proportion to the likely risk. The cost of security has risen from approximately $108 million in 1996 (Atlanta) to an estimated $1.99 billion in 2012 (London). It is argued that the period since 2001 has been characterized by hyper-insecurity and a culture of intense risk aversion based not on probability but on the possibility of attack. Among the consequences of this development is a desensitization of host nations to the increased securitization of their cities. It is also argued that the impact on the local UK host community of Newham will be significant not only as a result of the intense level of policing, but also owing to the redevelopment associated with the Games and the use of the surveillance infrastructure to create a virtual gated community in the post-Games athletes' village. The article concludes by discussing some of the longer-term implications of the increased securitization of the Olympic Games, including the normalization of intense surveillance, the further encroachment on civil liberties and the growing tension between the values espoused by the Olympic movement and the reality of a successful delivery of the Games.
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| 12 |
ID:
092893
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Sun Ying (Mosderator and deputy director of the 2008 Beijing International Media Center): All journalists, greetings to you! We welcome your participation in this press conference.
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| 13 |
ID:
086272
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| Publication |
2008.
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We now begin our press conference. We are now 962 days away from the opening ceremany of the Beijing Olympic games. It was agreed that we would provide information, by stages, about the construction of Beijing Olympic games projects, and we have this opportunity today to tell you what is happening.
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| 14 |
ID:
086276
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| 15 |
ID:
092889
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Sun Ying: Friends from the media: Greetings to all of you! Welcome to today's news conference. The theme of today's news conference is the Beijing Olympic Games and urban medical assurances.
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| 16 |
ID:
181356
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| Summary/Abstract |
IN THE 21st century, information confrontation is becoming one of the main means of achieving superiority in the geopolitical confrontation between individual states, as well as between various interstate associations, unions, and coalitions. At this new stage of the restructuring of the world order, initiated by powerful interests that include representatives of the world's financial, economic, information, and political elites, Russia has once again found itself at the center of global contradictions, as it has the largest reserves of natural resources, vast territory, and significant environmental, intellectual, strategic military, communication, and other capabilities.
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| 17 |
ID:
134141
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| Publication |
2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The author analyzes the most urgent problems of the Western Circassians (the Shapsugs of the Caucasian Black Sea coast and the Adighe of the Republic of Adigey) caused by the 2014 Winter Olympics in the Krasnodar Territory, as well as the religious context that took shape after the election of the new mufti of the Republic of Adigey in December 2012.
The article is based on ethnographic field polls carried out in areas populated by Western Circassians, leading the author to conclude that the government should pay more attention to the social, economic, and cultural problems of the Shapsugs of the Black Sea coastal area and concentrate on preventing Islamic radicalization in the Republic of Adigey.
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