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ID: 083606

Climate change and security / Scheffran, Jürgen

Scheffran, Jürgen	Journal Article
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2008.

Key Words

Security ; Environment ; Climate Change

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ID: 134608

On climate, conflict and cumulation: suggestions for integrative cumulation of knowledge in the research on climate change and violent conflict / Ide, Tobias; Scheffran, Jürgen

Scheffran, Jürgen	Article
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Summary/Abstract

Possible links between climate change and intra-state violent conflict have received major scholarly attention in recent years. But with few exceptions there is still a low level of consensus in this research field. The article argues that one reason for this disagreement is a lack of integrative cumulation of knowledge. Such an integrative cumulation is prevented by three obstacles, which have until now hardly been discussed in the literature. The first is the use of inadequate terms, discussed here with a focus on the labels ‘Malthusian’/‘cornucopian’ and the operationalization of key variables. Secondly, the weaknesses of large-N studies in research on climate change and violent conflict are not sufficiently reflected. These include a lack of data on crucial concepts as well as deficits of widely used datasets. Thirdly, literature that deals with a possible link between adverse environmental change and peace (termed here ‘environmental peace perspective’) has neither been systematized nor adequately considered in the debate so far. The article provides examples of these shortcomings and makes suggestions of how to address each of them. It also develops an integrative theoretical framework for the environmental peace perspective which facilitates its consideration in research on climate change and violent conflict.

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ID: 161332

Verification and security of transformation to a nuclear-weapon-free world: the framework of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons / Scheffran, Jürgen

Scheffran, Jürgen	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

The United Nations Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons presents complex challenges, including issues of verification and security. Verifying the transformation to a nuclear-weapon-free world (NWFW) is an adaptive, multi-stage process, involving various mechanisms and tasks for nuclear and non-nuclear weapon States, and monitoring a wide range of items and activities for increasing or decreasing nuclear weapons capability. Whether States find the Treaty verifiable depends on the available capabilities, but also on political assumptions and requirements. Verification plays an important role in the transformation towards a NWFW to diminish the role of nuclear weapons in a hostile environment where uncertainties are seen as threatening. Verification also helps to establish a viable international security landscape based on cooperation and trust that is able to address the complex implementation issues of nuclear weapons prohibition and elimination.

Key Words

Security ; Nuclear Weapons ; Verification ; Nuclear Disarmament ; International Law ; International Relations

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