|
|
|
Sort Order |
|
|
|
Items / Page
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
177541
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
INTERNATIONAL PROTESTS against burning forests and indiscriminate tree felling in the Amazon revived the risk of political pressure, boycott of goods and economic sanctions imposed by great powers on the culpable states that do not pay enough attention to ecological problems. This might threaten their sovereignty: the world has increased its attention to the Brazilian Amazon and put forward unprecedented political demands. While fires were spreading across the Amazon rainforest. President of France Emmanuel Macron said at the G7 summit held in France in August 2019 that "the Amazon should be given an international status." France has not yet moved in this direction, yet its president did not exclude a possibility that this idea would become part of the international agenda: "We should predate our actions by legal and political efforts. This is an open subject that will develop in the next months and years."1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
ID:
085298
|
|
|
|
|
| Publication |
2008.
|
| Summary/Abstract |
Iran poses two fundamental challenges to the United States. First is its alleged program to develop a nuclear weapon, which is currently being negotiated and which might be managed and contained through concerted international action. Second, and more threatening in the long term, are its roles as a regional hegemon and as a participant in the political development of neighboring Iraq. Iran's policies in Iraq sometimes appear to be directly in conflict with US initiatives. In spite of considerable angry rhetoric, however, any actual evidence for Iranian hostile interaction in Iraq is highly speculative, and the White House has yet to make a case that Tehran's involvement is inappropriate or could serve as a casus belli.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3 |
ID:
141870
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
In the cognitive radio (CR) system where spectrum sensing and data transmissions are performed simultaneously, the proper selection of frame duration (τ) is of utmost importance. Small τ leads to an increased false alarm probability while large value of it delays implementation of sensing decision of the current frame to the next. The former case decreases the achievable throughput of the CR user while latter one may disturb the licensed user communication. Under the constraints of maintaining a target detection probability of dP, this paper attempts to design a frame duration τ where achieved throughput of the CR system is maximised. To do so, an analysis of achievable throughput with τ was performed which reveals that, initially, with the increase in τ, the achievable throughput increases sharply, but after its certain value, the increments are negligible and achievable throughput appears to maintain a constant value. The performed analysis shows that, it is not possible to perfectly optimize τ, however, a close optimisation can still be performed which can maximise the achievable throughput. From the realistic point of view, the CR system is further modelled under uncertain noise conditions. The achieved simulation results well justify the presented analysis.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 4 |
ID:
137198
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
China’s non-interference policy has come under scrutiny in regards to its growing and deepening relations in Africa. The policy has come to represent an about-face from conditional assistance and investment associated with the Washington Consensus. Although often well received in much of the global South, this policy has drawn a lot of criticism from the West and others. These commentators have perceived non-interference as an opportunistic and often inconsistent instrument for enabling China’s increasing access to African resources and markets. This article suggests that despite some consistent support for the rhetoric of non-interference, China’s implementation of the policy has become increasingly varied and context-ualized in reaction to Africa’s ever-more diversified political and economic landscape since the early 2000s.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 5 |
ID:
176023
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
I present a realist theory of subversion among great powers, an understudied phenomenon in the burgeoning literature on subversive statecraft. I show that a simple, rational cost-benefit calculus accounts for comparatively low-levels of subversion among non-belligerent great powers, much higher levels among belligerent great powers, and more frequent, violent and larger-scale subversion against weaker targets. Brief case studies of mid-twentieth century subversion featuring the Soviet Union and the United States illustrate the theory and provide preliminary support. Theory and evidence show that the conditions that are conducive to highly consequential subversion among great powers are quite limited and reversible. This gives rise to skepticism concerning claims that today’s strategic environment has fundamentally transformed the nature of great power rivalry so as to accord a newly central place to subversion.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 6 |
ID:
189187
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
THE HISTORY of the US is among the shortest and most paradoxical of national histories, a combination of opposites: progressive slogans about democracy and human rights, on the one hand, and on the other - suppression of and reprisals against those who have had their own ideas about history, freedom, social equality, justice, and democracy. The history of the US is not cloudless: It is dramatic and even tragic at certain periods; in fact, this is very typical of most states. An amazed world watched the birth and development of a state that openly declared its goal to be a democratic society in which the individual would become the main agent of history with inalienable rights and freedoms. This was a revolution intended to open a new path of development to humanity. The Founding Fathers of the young state intended to elaborate constitutional principles and provisions to guarantee democracy and genuine human rights and freedoms.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|