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| 1 |
ID:
085336
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2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Although the first Persian language newspaper was published in Iran 170 years ago, Iranian journalism is a twentieth century creation, indeed a product of the 1906 Constitutional Revolution. The press played a significant part in the revolution, especially by promoting the demand for the rule of laws enacted by parliament, rather than decrees issued by the king or the religious leaders. Once a constitution had been declared, many journalists felt relieved of all restrictions and engaged in bitter, personal attacks on their opponents, including the monarch and his family. Many papers also opposed a press law that was passed soon after the revolution, arguing that it was meant to suppress their newly-gained freedom. Five more press laws have been passed in Iran since then, but the debate over press freedom and the rule of law in the country does not appear to be anywhere near resolution.
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| 2 |
ID:
126263
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
News journalism achieved a new height with the publication of serious revelation made by American computer professional and ex-Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and National Security Agency (NSA) employee , Edward Joseph Snowden on June 2013. Refreshing the memories of editor-in-chief and founder of Wikileaks, Julian Paul Assange, the recent example has once again exhibited how powerful and deadly the media can be in term of national security. The recent issue has once ignited the same debate on the role of the media: the media as a watchdog of a nation or a medium which provides a voice to the unheard, helps the whistleblowers to expose the cracks in our existing society and by doing so, performs a greater good for the public.
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| 3 |
ID:
130596
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
When Readex put its huge newspaper archive online between 2004 and 2006, it created a powerful tool for scholars to better understand the past. A case in point is the genesis of the term "War Hawk." Historians have always assumed that this term originated on the eve of the War of 1812, but a search of the Readex digital newspaper archive reveals that by then it already had been in use for at least twenty years. Like other derogatory terms-such as "Tory" and "aristocrat" or "Jacobin" and "mobocrat"-it was an established phrase in the American political lexicon. But unlike those terms, it was used by both parties whenever the opposition party talked of going to war.
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