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| 1 |
ID:
110049
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2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The article analyzes the contradictions in the region of the South China Sea, which have exacerbated recently. The peak of tension was in the first half of 2011, when quite a few serious incidents between China and the Philippines and China and Vietnam took place in the area. The situation becomes more complicated due to the sudden activity of Washington which comes out for the freedom of navigation and wishes to participate in the settlement of conflicts.
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| 2 |
ID:
149530
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| Summary/Abstract |
Three and a half years after the Philippines took the unprecedented step of challenging the legal basis of China’s expansive maritime claims in the South China Sea, the Arbitral Tribunal established under compulsory dispute resolution provisions contained in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and based at the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, issued its final ruling on 12 July 2016.
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| 3 |
ID:
103775
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| 4 |
ID:
162450
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| Summary/Abstract |
China has a long coastline of approximately 18,000 kilometers and hence an
extensive continental shelf as well as an EEZ. Its coastline is said to be the tenth
longest coastline in the world. The total sea area in the China Seas is about 4.7
million square kilometers. Despite these advantageous circumstances in geography,
China failed to become a maritime power like Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands and
the UK. So it remained a land power for a long time except when Zheng He, the
great seafarer in Chinese history, led the greatest ocean-going fleets of the world of
that time, sailing to the Pacific and Indian Oceans during the years of 1405–1433.
As a result, China suffered foreign invasions several times from the sea, being
defeated in the Opium War as well as at the Sino–Japanese War in the nineteenth
century
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| 5 |
ID:
108559
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| 6 |
ID:
110839
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| Publication |
2012.
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Despite its existence on the Chinese maps for more than six decades, the U-shaped line, as a traditional maritime boundary line of China in the South China Sea, has never received a wide recognition in the world community, much less by the other claimant states in the South China Sea. The U-shaped line is a legal conundrum not only for China but also for the world community, particularly after the map with the U-shaped line, together with China's Notes Verbale with respect to the claims to the outer continental shelves made by Malaysia and Vietnam, were submitted to the UN Commission on the Limits of Continental Shelf in May 2009. This article discusses China's recent practice relating to the U-shaped line as well as the external factors that affect the validity of the line and tries to unravel the legal puzzle posed by the line.
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| 7 |
ID:
169800
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This research report traces the history of route books (genglubu) from their chance discovery in 1974. It assesses the credibility of these practical nautical guide books as historical sources employed by official agencies in mainland China to claim permanent Chinese occupation of islands in the South China Sea. The route books of Hainan fishermen have a rather short history, having been laid down in writing only in the early 20th century. As contemporary practical nautical guides, they complement the established order of pre-modern Chinese texts used in official publications to describe the South China Sea as historical Chinese territory.
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| 8 |
ID:
160671
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The overlapping territorial and maritime claims in the South China Sea threaten to spark conflict in East Asia. On several occasions in recent years, disputes over the right to extract oil and gas have caused clashes between Chinese and Southeast Asian vessels. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) was agreed by almost all countries in 1982 to try to resolve such disagreements. However, the People's Republic of China is currently trying to claim rights that go beyond UNCLOS and infringe on the UNCLOS-based rights of the other claimants. It deploys two arguments in particular: that the archipelagos in the South China Sea collectively generate rights to maritime resources and that China enjoys ‘historic rights’ in the sea. Neither of these arguments is found within UNCLOS, however. This article explores the origin of these Chinese arguments and finds that the ‘historic rights’ claim can be traced to a single Taiwanese academic writing in the 1990s during a period of intense debate in Taiwan over its relationship with the PRC.
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| 9 |
ID:
156477
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China’s coercive activities in the South China Sea have resulted in a lively
academic debate regarding strategies to deter Beijing and maintain the status quo.
However, much of this literature has been dominated by the U.S.–China dynamic
and has neglected the vital role of the littoral states in the region. This article,
through the lens of a maritime strategic environment, deals with the potential for the
littoral nations of the South China Sea to deter China. It argues that conventional
deterrence by denial is a difficult but applicable strategy despite the substantial
power asymmetry that exists between China and the littoral states in the region.
However, such a deterrent approach must be tailored to the specific, non-existential
challenges that China poses in the region. Among these challenges, this article
examines deterrence within the context of China’s claim to the Spratly Islands and
expansive claims to economic exploitation rights. A maritime strategic environment
provides multiple avenues to impose cost on a superior power and the littoral states
in the region have invested heavily in naval capabilities. However, as this article
finds, it remains to be seen if the littoral states in the region have the technical
capability or political will to successfully enact such a deterrent strategy.
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| 10 |
ID:
010679
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| Publication |
March 1996.
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| Description |
40-54
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| 11 |
ID:
015144
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| Publication |
Dec 1992/Jan 1993.
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| Description |
48-50
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| 12 |
ID:
148804
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article addresses the question whether Spratly Islands is “in law a unit … [such] that the fate of the principal part may involve the rest” (Max Huber). The question was pivotal in the Philippines/China Arbitration. The Tribunal addressed it from the perspective of the archipelago provision in the Law of the Sea Convention. This article approaches the question from the perspective of the Japanese Peace Treaty.
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| 13 |
ID:
108557
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