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ID: 092334

Market structure, electoral institutions, and trade policy / Kono, Daniel Yuichi

Kono, Daniel Yuichi	Journal Article
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Publication

2009.

Summary/Abstract

The view that intra-industry trade is politically easier to liberalize than inter-industry trade is widely held and potentially explains key features of the global trading system. This view, however, rests on weak theoretical and empirical foundations. I argue that intra-industry trade can in fact lead to higher protection, but only where electoral institutions privilege narrow protectionist interests. I support this hypothesis with an analysis of trade barriers in 4,400 sectors in 65 countries and an analysis of lobbying in the US. My results imply that scholars should stop invoking intra-industry trade as an explanation for low trade barriers in wealthy countries and advanced manufacturing sectors. They also have important implications for the more general relationship between political institutions, collective action, and policy outcomes.

Key Words

Trade Policy ; Political Institutions ; Market Structure ; Intra - Industry Trade ; Electoral Institutions

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ID: 086414

Potential Benefits from a deep EU–India free trade agreement / Holmes, Peter; Shingal, Anirudh

Holmes, Peter	Journal Article
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Publication

2009.

Summary/Abstract

Both parties to an eventual EU India FTA have agreed that it should not merely address tariff barriers but should also go further into what is known as deep integration, originally developed in the 1990s by R.Z. Lawrence. This relates to the removal of all obstacles to cross border business whether actual trade barriers or domestic regulations. We distinguish deep institutional integration from the deep integration of markets. We ask the question how one may support the other. There are potential market failures that can be addressed by trans-national rules on standards and technical regulations and services, but we conclude that the biggest impact of a deep RTA would be on the domestic economy of India if it provides an opportunity for reform. It should be noted that the paper draws on a study undertaken by the authors for DG Trade, but it represents only the views of the authors.

Key Words

European Union ; India ; Free Trade Agreement ; Domestic Economy ; EU-India FTA ; Intra - Industry Trade ;
Trade Barriers ; Deep Institutional Integation

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