| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Differentiating perpetrators of violence in Mindanao is difficult given the number of criminal actors in the area. Against the backdrop of Islamist insurgent groups regularly engaged in battles against the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) causing fatalities and confusion, peace negotiations between the government and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) have faltered. The clear distinction between insurgent and criminal activities is increasingly blurred as militants profit from once-traditional criminal activities and criminal groups engage in operations of the kind once reserved for insurgents.
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