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ID:
084394
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2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article examines the Yomiuri shimbun's portrayals of China during the Cultural Revolution of the early and mid-1970s to demonstrate the process by which Japanese journalists 'domesticated' foreign coverage. It argues that Japanese reporting on China was framed by the fundamentally Japanese questions: 'who are we?' and 'what do we stand for as Japanese?' The paper demonstrates how norms and structural changes mutually reinforce each other and jointly shape foreign coverage. In doing so, it historicizes the current animosity between Japan and China, and reveals how the commercial nature of the media and patterns of production render journalistic objectivity practically impossible.
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| 2 |
ID:
084390
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2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper analyses 'Karafuto Ainu no setsuwa'[The Tales of Karafuto-Ainu], a collection of Japanese translations of Ainu narratives by the Ainu-Japanese linguist and ethnologist Chiri Mashiho. Most of the material for Chiri's translations came from a collection of Ainu folktales, entitled 'Materials for the Study of the Ainu Language and Folklore' (1912), compiled by Polish scholar Bronislaw Pilsudski. The paper argues that Chiri and Pilsudski had unique life experiences that affected their views of the Ainu culture, and by reading Chiri's text against that of Pilsudski's, the author demonstrates how Chiri responded to the challenge of keeping alive the performative qualities of the oral Ainu tradition and thereby created a unique style of translation.
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| 3 |
ID:
084396
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2008.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Sakuma Sh?zan (1811-1864), a late Edo scholar, urged shogunal authorities to adopt Western science and technology, which he represented as consistent with the Confucian epistemological framework, in particular the rationalist metaphysics of the Zhu Xi school. His ideas are commonly credited as the basis for the key Meiji slogan wakon y?sai, but this article argues against that interpretation, discussing important differences in the way Sakuma conceived the 'national realm'.
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| 4 |
ID:
084397
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2008.
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The orthodox view or 'rule' of Japanese politics over past decades has been that Japanese leadership is weak and reactive. As such, Koizumi Jun'ichir?, a recent Japanese prime minister, is seen as a great exception to this rule. This article seeks to re-evaluate this orthodoxy in light of wider leadership theory and recent studies on Japanese political leadership. Focusing especially on how assessments of Koizumi's leadership compare to those of previous leaders, it looks at how the literature on Japanese politics has viewed both Japan's political environment and its political leaders. It argues that Koizumi interacted with, not merely reacted to, his political environment. At the same time, he employed a leadership style which, although distinctive, shared important similarities with previous leaders. Accordingly, he was less an exception to this rule than a confirmation of the historical diversity of Japanese political leadership.
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| 5 |
ID:
084393
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2008.
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Human trafficking is a worldwide problem that international organisations have attempted to address since the early part of the twentieth century. Today it is a lucrative worldwide business operated by international criminal organisations that generates billions of dollars whilst bringing misery and degradation to the victims. Using a legal thematic this article examines human trafficking for sexual exploitation in Japan. It asks if Japan's domestic legal framework adequately addresses the issue and whether Japan is fulfilling its international legal obligations.
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| 6 |
ID:
084395
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2008.
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This article takes a fresh look at the life and work of Kusumoto Ine (1827-1903), one of the first women in Japan to practise Western medicine. While Ine's life is well known, serious historical studies have been hampered by a lack of evidence, and romanticised versions of her biography have loomed large. The present study focuses on the networks of men with whom she shared her life. Not only do the writings of these men provide evidence about her activities, but they also show how she was welcomed into their male, medical world. Ine's remarkable career was possible only through the support of these scholarly networks and patrons. The significance of Ine's activities in the Edo era highlights the fact that she was foremost a rangaku practitioner, rather than a pioneer of modern Western medicine.
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| 7 |
ID:
084391
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2008.
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In spite of growing interest in the formation of Okinawan identity, little attention has yet been paid to the internal divisions and diversity within the Ry ky Islands, or to the pre-war history of Okinawa. This article focuses on the Yaeyama archipelago of the southern end of Okinawa prefecture. It explores the way the region shaped its own Yaeyama identity in the early twentieth century by developing Yaeyama Studies separate from Okinawa Studies. The article demonstrates how the Ry ky Islands have accommodated diverse intellectual movements and how Yaeyama islanders constructed their regional identity as a local subject of Japan rather than as a marginal subject of the Ry ky Islands.
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