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ID: 137634

Leading from the front: America, Libya and the localisation of R2P / Vaughn, Jocelyn; Dunne, Tim

Dunne, Tim	Article
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Summary/Abstract

The United States has historically been inconsistent and ambivalent about the responsibility to protect. Part 1 of the article sets out a theoretical framework for understanding how the United States aligns itself with the responsibility to protect; it does so by initially using the idea of norm localisation, which reveals important convergences and tensions between the international norm and the localised variant that we call ‘genocide and mass atrocity prevention/protection’. Part 2 looks at the impact of this norm innovation in relation to the position that the United States government adopted on Libya – suggesting that it played a critical leadership role in the crisis and in doing so took risks with its international reputation while knowing that there was little prospect that this action would be warmly greeted by Congress or domestic public opinion.

Key Words

Leadership ; United States ; Libya ; R2P ; Localisation

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ID: 089526

Unlikely securitizer: Humanitarian organizations and the securitization of indistinctiveness / Vaughn, Jocelyn

Vaughn, Jocelyn	Journal Article
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2009.

Summary/Abstract

The securitization framework has greatly improved empirical analysis of security threats. Yet, it could benefit from heightened analysis of two often neglected aspects. First, this article argues that securitizers may invoke multiple referent objects to strengthen their argument that the referent object possesses the `right to survive'. Second, by drawing attention to the presentation of securitizing moves, as well as their content, it highlights how securitizers attempt to persuade multiple audiences that their securitizing moves should be accepted and countermeasures enacted. These claims are illustrated through the analysis of an atypical case of securitization performed by an unlikely set of securitizers, humanitarian aid organizations, as they argue that indistinctiveness poses an existential threat both to their material security and to their identity

Key Words

Securitization ; Non-State Actors ; Humanitarian Principles ; Humanitarian Aid Organizations ; Identity Security ; Indistinctiveness

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