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ID: 090066

Impacts of a United States' biofuel policy on New Zealand's agr / Saunders, Caroline; Kaye-Blake, William; Marshall, Liz; Greenhalgh, Suzie

Saunders, Caroline	Journal Article
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2009.

Summary/Abstract

The rise in oil prices has spurred interest in biofuels. Policies in the United States like the renewable fuel standard (RFS) have led to an expansion of ethanol production, while the New Zealand government has mandated a minimum level of biofuel sales. The research used a partial equilibrium model of international trade to quantify the price and farmgate income effects of the US RFS policy. The goal was to examine the competition between food and biofuel production and to quantify the impact of the policy on the agricultural sector in New Zealand. The RFS policy has a significant impact on corn prices, but a small effect on livestock prices and production. There thus appears to be little conflict between food and fuel uses for corn at the level of the RFS mandate. New Zealand's pasture-based livestock sector benefits from the use of corn for ethanol production: it receives better prices for its products, but does not face the same input cost increases as competitors. The results suggest that New Zealand faces an interesting decision: it could support investment in biofuels research, or benefit from the biofuels boom through the indirect impacts on demand and prices for meat and milk.

Key Words

Energy ; International Trade ; Biofuel ; Livestock Sector

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ID: 105131

Intellectual property rights regime for livestock agriculture i: present status and future prospects / Ramesha, K P

Ramesha, K P	Journal Article
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Publication

2011.

Summary/Abstract

In order to protect the interest of all stake holders of livestock farming in India, it is necessary to protect innovations in livestock sector through appropriate IP instruments along with conservation and sustainable use of native livestock breeds and associated traditional knowledge through sui generis system in the modern IPR regime. The unique attributes of indigenous livestock breeds could be exploited for profits by getting some form of intellectual property rights (IPR) or protection. An appropriate internationally accepted legal system with respect to use of livestock biodiversity and patenting of novel genes may bring about economic benefit to the livestock keepers in the IPR regime through benefit sharing. Harmonization of IP regimes, access to technologies required for biotechnological research and development through easy licensing and/or patent exemptions especially for public benefit oriented research would pave way for making private investments and private-public participation attractive. Present status of IPR protection in livestock sector in India and future prospects considering the typical livestock production situation existing in the country are analysed.

Key Words

Livestock Sector ; Biodiversity ; IPR Regime ; Livestock Breeds ; Animal Genetic Resources ; AnGR

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