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| 1 |
ID:
098125
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2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
As a result of the policy followed regarding North Korea by presidents Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun, two inter-Korean summits were held and a substantial breakthrough made in inter-Korean economic cooperation. The steps to expand this cooperation adopted at the second inter-Korean summit could bring North and South appreciably closer and be of great material benefit to them. Lee Myung-bak's accession to power, however, and his harsher approach to North Korea have nullified a not inconsiderable portion of the efforts of his two predecessors. The inter-Korean dialogue has been terminated, the implementation of new economic plans has been frozen, and already existing projects have begun to show losses. At the same time, despite the tension in official inter-Korean relations, South Korean business continues to develop its own activities in North Korea. In August 2009, North Korea's tactic of escalating economic demands to the point where they could not be met was replaced by expectations of proposals from the South.
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| 2 |
ID:
092722
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| 3 |
ID:
092933
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC), one of four special economic zones in North Korea, is an industrial park located in North Korea, just across the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) from South Korea.2 The KIC stands out because, in recent years, the other three zones have become dysfunctional for all practical purposes. As of the end of 2008, 93 South Korean firms operated in the KIC, with a total of 38,931 North Korean workers along with 1,055 South Korean workers. The project was supposed to be carried out in three stages for years to come; the first stage was well under way and was expected to be completed in 2010. The complex was supposed to employ 100,000 North Korean workers and have 450 tenant companies by the end of 2010. However, such rosy projections about the KIC ended when North Korea cut the reconciliation dialogue with South Korea after its conservative president, Lee Myongbag, took office in February 2008. The purpose of this paper is to discuss a number of key points on the KIC in the context of inter-Korean economic cooperation, along with reasons for the U.S. interest in the KIC.
Special note: We completed this paper before North Korea and the United States began to take a series of new hardline actions against each other. However, the basic tone of this paper, an optimistic one, is likely to prevail in the long run because no one wants another Korean war and North Korea is unlikely to collapse any time soon.
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| 4 |
ID:
090099
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2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper discusses the potential for institutional change in North Korea. The paper summarizes and evaluates the discussion on North Korea at the 2008 World Knowledge Forum meeting held in Seoul, South Korea, October 14-16, 2008. The Kaesong Industrial Complex is discussed in the context of a visit on October 14, 2008, by two members of the forum's panel on North Korea. It is easy to be pessimistic about institutional change in North Korea, but it is more productive to be forward looking and focus on potential rather than accomplishment.
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