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ID:
153661
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article is concerned with the role of perceived policy objectives in German citizens’ attitude formation toward military action in Afghanistan. While some scholars have claimed that public opinion is prudent because citizens assess the effectiveness of a mission on the basis of these perceptions, micro-level tests of this kind of prudence remain scare. Drawing on two cross-sectional surveys of the German population conducted in 2008 and 2009, we use responses to open-ended questions about the German government’s policy goals in Afghanistan to analyze whether such perceptions influenced support and whether any such influence was mediated via the perceived effectiveness of the mission. The results indicate that, irrespective of the level of political awareness, it was virtually irrelevant what German citizens perceived the military mission’s objectives to be. In contrast, value-based attitude formation emerges as more important, with the foreign policy predispositions antimilitarism and Atlanticism exhibiting especially large effects.
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| 2 |
ID:
090578
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In this paper we provide a review and synthesis of some of the available information and data regarding Vietnam's exchange rate regime, as well as an analysis of whether, and to what extent, the conduct of exchange rate policy has been consistent with a number of possible key policy objectives. To facilitate the analysis, annual and monthly data are compiled for both the nominal and real effective exchange rates (NEER and REER). The analysis suggests that the authorities have tended to place special emphasis on maintaining stability in the nominal, bilateral VND/USD exchange rate. As a consequence, there have been periods when the REER appreciated, indicating losses in international competitiveness. The official exchange rate's stability has also acted as a retardant in the development of the country's foreign exchange market. It appears that this stability has been neither necessary nor sufficient for inflation control.
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