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ID: 090699

Did the Soviet Union instruct Southeast Asian communists to rev: new Russian evidence on the Calcutta Youth Conference of February 1948 / Efimova, Larisa

Efimova, Larisa	Journal Article
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2009.

Summary/Abstract

This article uses recently declassified archival documents from the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (of Bolsheviks) concerning the Calcutta Youth Conference of February 1948. This evidence contradicts speculation that 'orders from Moscow' were passed to Southeast Asian communists at this time, helping to spark the rebellions in Indonesia, Malaya, Burma and the Philippines later that year. Secret working papers now available to researchers show no signs that the Soviet leadership planned to call upon Asian communists to rise up against their national bourgeois governments at this point in time. This article outlines the real story behind Soviet involvement in events leading up to the Calcutta Youth Conference, showing both a desire to increase information and links, and yet also a degree of caution over the prospects of local parties.

Key Words

Communist - Indonesia ; Southeast Asian ; Calcutta Youth Conference ; Soviet Union

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ID: 181278

Southeast Asian cultural landscape, resistance, and belonging in East Timor's FRETILIN Movement (1974–75) / Tsuchiya, Kisho

Tsuchiya, Kisho	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

The diversity of national imaginings within the East Timorese resistance movement against the Indonesian Occupation (1975–99) became visible through the country's post-independence politics. Namely, the contradiction between the returnee leaders and those who fought in East Timor over the representation of FRETILIN (the major nationalist movement since 1974) has been an important fault line. This article attempts to understand this discrepancy through a comparison of FRETILIN's campaigns in Tetun and Portuguese and how different audiences interpreted them. The article argues that FRETILIN modified its international rhetoric when it became a popular Tetun language movement to attract Timorese commoners. The Tetun version of FRETILIN provided sources for Timorese national imaginings based on local beliefs, sacred landscapes, and Southeast Asian social relations that deviated from how international audiences understood FRETILIN. This article thus contributes to the literature on Southeast Asian resistance and nationalism by revealing Timorese ideologies of resistance and nationhood.

Key Words

East Timor ; Southeast Asian ; Cultural Landscape ; FRETILIN Movement (1974–75)

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