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ID: 142627

Competitive multipolarity in the Middle East / Kausch, Kristina

Kausch, Kristina	Article
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Summary/Abstract

The Middle Eastern and North African region is in flux and attempts to identify a new dominant structural logic have been limited so far. For the time being, the new “order” appears to consist in the absence of any one clear-cut organising principle and in overlapping, dynamic, often contradictory geopolitical developments. Among many other features, the geopolitical equation in the Middle East is being altered by a number of larger structural shifts regarding the position and relative weight of specific actors. Notable instances include the relative loss of influence of the United States and Europe; the game-changing regional roles of Russia and China, respectively; the resurgence of Iranian-Saudi rivalry; the emergence of a number of regional ‘swing states’; and the increasing role of non-state actors in shaping regional developments. The complexity of this outlook makes policy choices by regional and external actors ever more difficult.

Key Words

European Union ; Iran ; United States ; Middle East ; China ; Russia ;
North Africa ; Saudi Arabia ; Multipolarity

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ID: 091823

End of the Euro-Mediterranean vision / Kausch, Kristina; Youngs, Richards

Kausch, Kristina	Journal Article
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2009.

Summary/Abstract

Relations between the European Union and North Africa have veered away from the political vision expounded under the Barcelona Process. The Union for the Mediterranean will likely deepen this trend. The Euro-Mediterranean space is increasingly characterized by competitive, containment-based and exclusionary security strategies. The more political dimensions of the partnership are now given short shrift and the EU appears inattentive to the dynamics of change within North African societies. Countries such as Spain and the UK have been overly passive in rescuing the Euro-Med vision from French diplomacy and the nature of relations between Europe and North Africa are increasingly out of sync with the changing international system.

Key Words

European Union ; North Africa ; Partnership ; Cooperation ; EMP ; Relations ;
International Relations - Case Studies

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ID: 154836

State and non-state alliances in the Middle East / Kausch, Kristina

Kausch, Kristina	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

Proxy relationships between non-state challengers and their external state patrons in the Middle East are a factor that can weaken regional stability as non-state proxies become both a tool and a decisive factor in shaping inter-state competition between regional powers. As a result, non-state actors with regional influence must increasingly be factored into policy decisions in military, diplomatic and legal terms.

Key Words

Alliances ; Middle East ; Kurds ; Hezbollah ; Non-State Actors ; Proxy Wars ;
Muslim Brotherhood

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