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| 1 |
ID:
087368
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| 2 |
ID:
087378
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The argument put forward in this
article is that while the radicalization
of Islamists is undoubtedly
taking place in North Africa, it
is not possible to devise a formula that
enables us to predict why people become
radicalized or who these people are.2 Of
course, it is feasible to identify a number
of radicalized and sometimes violent Islamist
groupings, but their emergence, membership
base and modus operandi do not
conform to a particular pattern. In short,
the radicalization of Islamists is a highly
complex phenomenon. With regard to violent
radicalization, one member of a group
may become violent while others do not,
hence making the individual rather than
the group the victim of such a process.
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| 3 |
ID:
087380
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Due to its geopolitical prominence,
Iran has been the focus
of great-power policies during
the entire course of modern
history. The Russian-British rivalry over
Iran that began in the mid-1800's lasted
a century. With the end of World War II,
Britain's role in the region diminished, and
the vacuum was fi lled by the United States.
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| 4 |
ID:
087381
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| 5 |
ID:
087382
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| 6 |
ID:
087369
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| 7 |
ID:
087379
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In February 2007, then Russian
President Vladimir Putin visited Saudi
Arabia, the very fi rst visit by a top
Russian leader to the kingdom. The
Russian press expressed confi dence that
Saudi-Russian cooperation was about to
increase dramatically. However, similar
Russian hopes for Putin's visits to other
countries in the Middle East and elsewhere
in the developing world have remained
largely unfulfi lled. Saudi-Russian cooperation,
though, actually did increase after
Putin's 2007 trip to Riyadh. With Riyadh
signaling strong support for Russian policy
in Chechnya, giving its assent to Russian
accession to the World Trade Organization
(WTO) and signing a military-technical
cooperation agreement with Moscow in
July 2008, the Kremlin has reason to be
pleased. Moscow is disappointed, however,
that there have not been more Saudi
contracts with Russian businesses. Tension
between Moscow and Riyadh over Russia's
relations with Iran is also apparent, in part
due to the dramatic fall in the price of oil
since mid-2008. More fundamentally, Saudi
and Russian leaders appear to have different
expectations of improved Moscow-Riyadh
ties. This could well serve to limit their
willingness to cooperate.
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