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| 1 |
ID:
177099
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper attempts to quantitatively summarize the existing empirical evidence on the effects of energy efficiency policies on energy demand and on the price of associated durable goods, as well as to identify the main factors that systematically affect the estimated impacts. To this end, a meta-regression analysis of the effects of energy efficiency policies is carried out on the basis of an extensive review of the existing literature, selecting those studies that analyze the impact of energy efficiency policies with respect to a business-as-usual setting. Taking into account the econometric problems associated with this type of analysis (intra-class correlation, cross-sectional dependence, publication bias) in pursuit of robust outcomes, the results show that the studies analyzing the effects of energy efficiency policies estimate a significant impact of these policies on energy demand [-10.5%; −8.8%] and the price of related durable goods [7%; 9.6%]. The main factors that influence results are the policy instrument, the targeted sector, the type of country, the analyzed period, the consideration of free-riders, and the type of analysis, data and publication (energy demand); and the sector and analyzed period (price of durables).
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| 2 |
ID:
092858
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Most public policies, particularly those in the energy sphere, have not only efficiency but also distributional effects. However, there is a trade-off between modelling approaches suitable for calculating those impacts on the economy. For the former most of the studies have been conducted with general equilibrium models, whereas partial equilibrium models represent the main approach for distributional analysis. This paper proposes a methodology to simultaneously carry out an analysis of the distributional and efficiency consequences of changes in energy taxation. In order to do so, we have integrated a microeconomic household demand model and a computable general equilibrium model for the Spanish economy. We illustrate the advantages of this approach by simulating a revenue-neutral reform in Spanish indirect taxation, with a large increase of energy taxes that serve an environmental purpose. The results show that the reforms bring about significant efficiency and distributional effects, in some cases counterintuitive, and demonstrate the academic and social utility of this approximation
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