| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
139547
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
This article uses an institutional approach to examine Chinese NGOs as an emerging organizational field. In mature organizational fields, the organizations are powerfully constrained to follow the institutional practices of that field. However, in an emerging organizational field, the institutionalized constraints are not yet established, so actors can try out a wide range of practices. Some of these practices will become the new “rules of the game” of the organizational field when it is established. The content of these rules will shape the relationship between NGOs and the Chinese party-state for future generations. We find that a Chinese NGO's resource strategy is shaped by two interacting factors. First, NGOs operate in an evolving ecology of opportunity. Second, the social entrepreneurs who lead Chinese NGOs perceive that ecology of opportunity through the lens of their personal experiences, beliefs and expertise. As a result, the initial strategies of the organizations in our sample were strongly influenced by the institutional experience of their founders. Former state bureaucrats built NGOs around alliances with party-state agencies. In contrast, NGO founders that had no party-state experience usually avoided the state and sought areas away from government control/attention, such as the internet or private business.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 2 |
ID:
159200
|
|
|
|
|
| Summary/Abstract |
In this article, I examine the institutional responses that arose in Latin America around the issue of drug trafficking during the 1970s, in particular the emergence of anti-narcotics policing in that period. The central focus is on the manner in which the anti-narcotics agencies of the United States—especially the Drug Enforcement Administration—contributed to the structuring of the field of anti-narcotics policing in Latin America. Staring from a reexamination of various documentary and archival collections, I analyze the origins of the anti-narcotics police institutions in Latin America, along with the diffusion of the practices of institutional development undertaken by the DEA, such as the creation of police networks in the region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 3 |
ID:
092885
|
|
|
|
|
| Publication |
2009.
|
| Summary/Abstract |
Transnational rule-making organizations have proliferated in the area of sustainability politics. In this article, we explore why these organizations share a set of core features that appear overly costly at first sight. We argue that norms that evolved out of the social interaction among transnational rule-making organizations account for this phenomenon. Thus, in the early 1990s, an organizational field of transnational rule-making has gradually developed in the field of environmental politics. Responding to a broader social discourse about global governance that stressed a need for innovative forms of cooperation among different societal sectors, this organizational field gained in legitimacy and strength. A set of commonly accepted core norms, the increasing density of interaction among the field's members, and the success and legitimacy ascribed to the field's key players by the outside world helped to solidify the organizational field until it eventually developed a 'life of its own'.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|