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| 1 |
ID:
176786
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| Summary/Abstract |
Since 2015, the Government of the Czech Republic has adopted some decisions that have altered the prospects for coal mining. In 2015 it adjusted its mineral and energy policy by allowing for lignite to be mined in a part of the North Bohemian Basin that was blocked by a political decision driven by the environmental reasons in 1991. An updated state energy policy came into force in 2015, and the government approved a new Mineral Policy of the Czech Republic in 2017. Based on these new data, it is possible to compare the coal mining concept, energy mix, and energy dependence in the Czech Republic with selected EU Member States, specifically Poland and Germany. The analysis shows that the prospects for coal use in the European Union are not only influenced by the amount of coal production in the EU Member States but also by the amount of coal imported to individual EU countries. It is also anticipated that the future of European coal production will not only be determined by geological, mining technology and economic criteria but rather by the increasingly important role of political decisions.
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| 2 |
ID:
093493
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2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The major gaseous emissions (e.g. sulfur dioxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide), some various organic emissions (e.g. benzene, toluene and xylenes) and some trace metals (e.g. arsenic, cobalt, chromium, manganese and nickel) generated from lignite-fired power plants in Turkey are estimated. The estimations are made separately for each one of the thirteen plants that produced electricity in 2007, because the lignite-fired thermal plants in Turkey are installed near the regions where the lignite is mined, and characteristics and composition of lignite used in each power plant are quite different from a region to another. Emission factors methodology is used for the estimations. The emission factors obtained from well-known literature are then modified depending on local moisture content of lignite. Emission rates and specific emissions (per MWh) of the pollutants from the plants having no electrostatic precipitators and flue -gas desulfurization systems are found to be higher than emissions from the plants having electrostatic precipitators and flue -gas desulfurization systems. Finally a projection for the future emissions due to lignite-based power plants is given. Predicted demand for the increasing generation capacity based on the lignite-fired thermal power plant, from 2008 to 2017 is around 30%.
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| 3 |
ID:
135484
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| Summary/Abstract |
Energy security may be the biggest challenge to Indian policy-making in the coming decades. India’s energy consumption has started to rise rapidly in recent years, making the country one of the largest consumers in Asia today. India’s growing energy needs have pushed it towards energy cooperation with the African countries. The natural energy resources of Africa will help India to meet this challenge.
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| 4 |
ID:
128013
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Surface lignite mining covers large areas and usually generates social conflicts which pose one of several energy security threats to certain states. Therefore, defining the social conditions determines the success of a mining project. Two communes were chosen for a public opinion study: Kleszczów, where the Be?chatów mine is located, and Z?oczew, where a lignite deposit will soon be developed. The analysis shows, as opposed to other areas in Poland that have been projected for development, that both local communities are characterised by a high level of acceptance for lignite mining. In both cases, awareness about the profits was stronger than anxiety about the investment's negative effects. However, most inhabitants could not assess the mining company's diligence concerning its responsibility for mining damages as well as the diligence of external experts assessing the environmental impacts of excavation. Most respondents also could not assess if the legal regulations of public participation in the decision process were sufficient, but the negative opinions outweighed the positive ones. From the perspective of the energy policy, dialogue-type social communication is needed for every case of a new energy-mining project. Research on local public opinion should be the first step to opening up a social debate.
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| 5 |
ID:
177114
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| Summary/Abstract |
After the World War II, Greece began to base its electricity production on local lignite. An historical analysis of the evolution of the Greek energy sector, through semi structured interviews and analysis of the archives, reveals that specific characteristics of the Greek political system and the emergence of the European climate and energy policy, have transformed the use of lignite, from a solution to the electrification of the country, to an environmental, health, political and economic problem. Resistance to change and the consequent difficulty to adapt to the changing European context has led the main player in the energy sector, the Public Power Corporation (PPC)1, and therefore the sector itself, into a period of major crisis. As the use of lignite has become unprofitable and damaging for the national economy, the newly elected government recently announced the closure of all lignite units by 2028. Both the liberalization of the energy market and energy transition are the expected results of this decision, although it is not yet known to what extent this evolution will be climate-friendly.
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| 6 |
ID:
103377
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2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Lignite, as an energy resource, is a mainstay of electricity generation in the Republic of Serbia. Installed capacity of lignite power plants represents 68% of the total installed capacity of Electric Power Industry of Serbia, the only company in Serbia, which manages electricity generation. In the future, with the increase in demand for electricity, both in Serbia and in Europe, we should expect more extensive and effective utilization of lignite as the main energy potential. In addition, due to increased emissions of CO2, NOX and other pollutants, the Republic of Serbia must accelerate the implementation of flexible mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol and the guidelines set by the European Union. Lignite in the future will retain its existential importance in the electricity generation in the Republic of Serbia.
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| 7 |
ID:
166339
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article reconstructs the transformation of the Greek energy system during the past hundred years, with a special focus on the dynamics of the country's foreign energy dependencies. The years after World War II saw the rise of domestic lignite and, to a lesser extent, hydropower as the most important energy sources in the country's electrical system, while at the same time the state took a firm grip of energy sector through the establishment of the Public Electricity Company (PPC). We reconstruct how state actors as well as corporate stakeholders organized policies and legitimized energy technologies in search of energy autarky and security while at the same time the energy system – especially in oil and gas – became strongly dependent on imports. Later on natural gas was introduced, being imported mainly from the USSR and Algeria, for substituting highly polluting (imported) oil- and (domestic) lignite-based electricity plants. In recent years gas has offered a new opportunity for Greece to establish itself as a hub in a wider international transmission system. The paper argues that Greek actors defined and redefined energy sources and technologies in relation to political priorities, regimes of competition and broader societal pressures in a way that had a deep impact on Greece's energy import dependence.
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