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| 1 |
ID:
192334
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper provides the first study to explore the relationship between exposure to ambient temperatures during pregnancy and adolescent mental health in China. The results show that experiencing one more hot day relative to local historical contemporaneous average values during pregnancy significantly increases the likelihood of mental health disorders in adolescence. The impact is larger in the first and second trimesters. Individuals born in the northern region and whose mothers work in agriculture are more vulnerable to high temperatures. Prenatal exposure to hot days is more harmful to the mental health of older adolescents. Additionally, the adverse effects are similar for both men and women and individuals with rural and urban hukou. Biological effects, income effects, and human capital accumulation might be three operative channels of the impact. These findings add to the evidence on the lasting health effects of early life exposure to climatic shocks and call for policy interventions during pregnancy.
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| 2 |
ID:
180182
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| Summary/Abstract |
Administrative and order-based environmental regulation policies have always been the main means of pollution control by the government. While, their effects are difficult to assess. The Chinese government implemented a desulfurization subsidy policy for on-grid tariffs, which was implemented in two phases (phase 1: 2004 to 2006; phase 2: since 2007). Considering the dynamic characteristics of the policy, this study adopted three empirical strategies, including difference-in-differences (DID) and pseudo DID method, to verify the causal relationship between the policy and SO2 reduction in China's coal-fired power plants. The results show that there is a clear causal relationship between the policy and SO2 emission reduction. Moreover, the dynamic effect of the desulfurization price subsidy policy has shown an increasing annual trend. The desulfurization price subsidy has effectively motivated enterprises to implement desulfurization facilities, meaning that the capacity for desulfurization and the associated operating costs have been significantly improved. In addition, heterogeneity shows that the desulfurization price subsidy policy performs better in higher marketization and underdeveloped regions. Thus, the Chinese government should strengthen the implementation of electricity price subsidies for desulfurization, and pay attention to the effect and duration of the policy in the process of implementation.
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| 3 |
ID:
093649
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| Publication |
2009.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Has China's strategy of 'exchanging market for technology' been successful? This paper analyses the effectiveness of this strategy based on the duopoly model of vertical product differentiation by Choi and Shin (1992). It is shown that the outcome is influenced by technology gap and absorptive capacity. The profit of a developing country firm shows an inverted U-shaped relationship with its technology level when holding the foreign firm's technology level constant. In the process of technology improvement by imitation, the developing country firm faces a limit on imitation. A developing country may benefit from the strategy of 'exchanging market for technology' at the early stage and needs to bring in FDI with advanced technology so that it can overcome restraints from the limit of imitation. For one with a smaller technology gap with the home country of FDI, the country in the long run has to achieve technological progress through innovation.
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