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ID: 115125

Estimating the direct rebound effect for on-road freight transp / Winebrake, James J (et al.)

Winebrake, James J	Journal Article
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2012.

Summary/Abstract

Energy and environmental concerns have spawned new policies aimed at reducing emissions and fuel consumption of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) worldwide. While such policies intend to reduce HDV energy consumption and emissions, energy savings that reduce transportation costs may lead to increased demand for HDV transportation services. Increased HDV transportation, in turn, can result in increased energy use and emissions-i.e., a direct "rebound effect." This paper provides a critical review of the literature related to the HDV rebound effect. Results of this review demonstrate that the lack of focused studies in this area combined with the variability and heterogeneity of the trucking sector limit general understanding of the HDV rebound effect. Currently, the studies that do exist often create biased or erroneous rebound effect estimates by inappropriately relying on freight elasticities or applying metrics that omit important elements of fuel consumption. Research following a more transparent and coherent approach can improve estimates of the rebound effect from policy measures to improve HDV energy efficiency.

Key Words

Transportation ; Rebound Effect ; Heavy - Duty Vehicles

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ID: 127282

Increasing electric vehicle policy efficiency and effectiveness / Green, Erin H; Skerlos, Steven J; Winebrake, James J

Skerlos, Steven J	Journal Article
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Publication

2014.

Summary/Abstract

Plug-In Electric Vehicles (PEVs) provide an opportunity for reducing energy use and emissions in the transportation sector. Currently, a number of federal policies are in place to incentivize deployment of PEVs to mainstream consumers with demographics and vehicle attribute preferences most common to today's new vehicle purchasers. This article argues that policies intending to give PEVs a foothold in the market should not focus on mainstream consumers and should instead focus on niche markets-specifically carsharing and postal fleets-and early adopters including green consumers. Two arguments can be made in support of eliminating the mainstream market bias of current policies toward a policy of cultivating niche markets. The first is efficiency: so far PEV policies featuring a mainstream market bias have proven to be inefficient and costly. The second is effectiveness: it is becoming increasingly evident that PEV policies would be more effective in achieving potential societal benefits if they focused on early adopters and niche markets using such approaches as strategic niche management, accessible loans and financing, and appropriately targeted incentives. PEV policies focused on early adopters and niche markets would create complementary system effects that will lead to increased PEV market penetration and realization of intended societal benefits.

Key Words

Energy Policy ; Energy Planning ; Energy Crisis ; Energy Strategy ; Economic Interest ; Petro Power ;
Petro Crisis ; Electric Vehicle Policy ; Energy Effectiveness ; Reducing Mainstream ; Market Bias ; Intended Societal Benefits ;
Plug-In Electric Vehicles - PEV

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ID: 094208

Targeting plug-in hybrid electric vehicle policies to increase / Skerlos, Steven J; Winebrake, James J

Skerlos, Steven J	Journal Article
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Publication

2010.

Summary/Abstract

In 2009 the U.S. federal government enacted tax credits aimed at encouraging consumers to purchase plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). These tax credits are available to all consumers equally and therefore do not account for the variability in social benefits associated with PHEV operation in different parts of the country. The tax credits also do not consider variability in consumer income. This paper discusses why the PHEV subsidy policy would have higher social benefits at equal or less cost if the tax credits were offered at different levels depending on consumer income and the location of purchase. Quantification of these higher social benefits and related policy proposals are left for future work.

Key Words

Technology Diffusion ; Technology Policy ; Electric Vehicles ; Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

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