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ID:
094884
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| Publication |
2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This study explores empirical evidence for two hypotheses through a macro productivity analysis using the nonparametric directional distance function approach applied to the thermal power sector. The first hypothesis is that the marginal abatement cost has significantly declined in recent years mainly due to domestic flue gas desulfurization technology in China, which has become available at a reasonable cost. The second is the existence of a certain budget scale, which, with policy intervention, would have significant outcomes. These hypotheses are successfully addressed through the findings that the marginal abatement cost in 2006 had declined by half since 2003 and that the strategic allocation of 10 billion yuan for SO2 emissions abatement would result in an additional 550,000 tonnes of SO2 reductions.
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| 2 |
ID:
161825
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| Summary/Abstract |
In this study, we attempt to empirically test the effects of air pollution on public health in China. Using three-stage least squares (3SLS) to solve the potential endogeneity problem in sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions, we find that air pollution has significant negative effects on public health. Specifically, a 1% increase in SO2 emissions is found to lead to 0.067 and 0.004 more deaths per 100,000 population due to respiratory diseases and lung cancer, respectively. In terms of absolute magnitude, every one million ton increase in SO2 emissions results in 0.735 and 0.052 extra deaths due to respiratory diseases and lung cancer per 100,000 population, respectively. Moreover, SO2 emissions result in 230,000 extra deaths every year and the related economic costs over the study period amount to RMB 8.179 billion.
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| 3 |
ID:
125816
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Implementation of new environmental regulations of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and mercury in the U.S. electricity industry has triggered concerns about system reliability. Results from a national electricity market simulation model suggest that these regulations lead to little change in generation capacity and are unlikely to create the shock to the system that some anticipate. Large costs of investments in pollution controls are partially offset by a lower cost burden for tradable emissions allowances. The combined effects result in a 1 percent increase in national average retail electricity prices. In 2020 producers pay approximately 30 percent and consumers pay approximately 70 percent of the total costs of the regulations, which equal between $6.6 and $7.1 billion in 2020 (real 2009$). The regulation leads to substantial reductions in emissions of mercury and sulfur dioxide from the electricity sector.
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