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ID:
116483
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2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Making use of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique and taking undesirable fiscal phenomena into account, this paper comprehensively quantifies the public finance performance of local governments in China during the course of fiscal decentralization reform. The introduction of undesirable fiscal outcomes into this assessment makes it possible to identify meaningful and informative characteristics of local public finance performance in China. When reforms are first implemented, local public financial performance improves because undesirable fiscal phenomena have not yet become too serious. The tax sharing system reform did not work well in its early stages, and negatively impacted public expenditure efficiency. The reform started to play a substantial role between 2001 and 2005, when local governments experienced better public finance performance. Corresponding to the deterioration of the financial sector in recent years, local public financial performance worsened after 2007. Further reform of the current fiscal and taxation system is necessary in China, to ensure a brighter future for the nation.
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| 2 |
ID:
098691
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2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has recently become a popular method in measuring energy efficiency at the macro-economy level. However, previous studies are limited in that they failed to consider the issues of undesirable outputs and minimisation of energy consumption. Thus, this study considers both factors in measuring Chinese industrial energy efficiency and investigates the maximum energy-saving potential in 28 administrative regions in China. The results show that industries in the east area have the best average energy efficiency for the period 2000-2006, followed by the central area. Further, after comparing the industrial energy overall efficiency, pure technical efficiency (IEPTE), and scale efficiency of the 28 administrative regions examined, the study finds that in most regions of this study, the two main reasons causing the wastage of a large amount of energy during the industrial production process are that the industrial structure of most regions still relies on the massive use of energy in order to support the industrial-based economy and the IEPTE is too low. Based on these findings, this paper correspondingly proposes some policies to improve regional industrial energy efficiency.
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| 3 |
ID:
112902
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| Publication |
2012.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Most existing energy efficiency indices are computed without taking into account undesirable outputs such as CO2 and SO2 emissions. This paper computes the ecological total-factor energy efficiency (ETFEE) of 30 regions in China for the period 2005-2009 through the slack-based model (SBM) with undesirable outputs. We calculate the ETFEE index by comparing the target energy input obtained from SBM with undesirable outputs to the actual energy input. Findings show that China's regional ETFEE still remains a low level of around 0.600 and regional energy efficiency is overestimated by more than 0.100 when not looking at environmental impacts. China's regional energy efficiency is extremely unbalanced: the east area ranks first with the highest ETFEE of above 0.700, the northeast and central areas follow, and the west area has the lowest ETFEE of less than 0.500. A monotone increasing relation exists between the area's ETFEE and China's per capita GDP. The truncated regression model shows that the ratio of R&D expenditure to GDP and the degree of foreign dependence have positive impacts, whereas the ratio of the secondary industry to GDP and the ratio of government subsidies for industrial pollution treatment to GDP have negative effects, on the ETFEE.
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| 4 |
ID:
118836
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2013.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper used data from 50 enterprises in China's iron and steel industry to evaluate their energy efficiency and productivity change. The study first used a conventional data envelopment analysis model and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) to measure the energy efficiency and productivity change over the period 2001-2008. The results indicated inefficiency in many of the plants: The average energy efficiency was only 61.1%. The annual growth rate of productivity was 7.96% over this period and technical change was the main contributor to this growth. The research then took undesirable outputs into consideration by using the Malmquist-Luenberger Productivity Index (MLPI) to explore the productivity change from 2006 to 2008. Omitting undesirable outputs would result in biased efficiency change and technical change. This paper also claimed that environmental regulation has a potentially positive impact on technical change.
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| 5 |
ID:
170086
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| Summary/Abstract |
This paper investigates the treatment quality of the hospitals sector in China during 2009–2014. The treatment quality of a hospital is higher if relatively more medical services are provided with fewer deaths. Our research question is twofold: (i) Does the pressure of for-profit lower treatment quality by causing more deaths? (ii) Can government subsidy raise treatment quality by releasing the pressure from market competition? Our empirical results show that the treatment quality in China has been improving during the studied period. There are pieces of evidence that both marketization and government subsidies can boost the treatment quality of the hospitals sector. The co-existence of market force and government regulation is beneficial to the patients.
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| 6 |
ID:
166325
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The study is designed to examine whether or not there are scientific grounds for Directive 2984 which was issued to reduce coal consumption by the Chinese central government in 2014. We propose a parametric stochastic frontier model that can be used to measure non-radial environmental energy efficiency, which has not been addressed so far and gather a panel data set covering 29 provincial administrative regions in Mainland China between 2000 and 2013. Our empirical results demonstrate the existence of inappropriateness and self-contradiction in this mandatory plan and offer a new list of regions for coal consumption reduction. We also recommend the implementation of regulatory impact analysis in the second round of this mandatory plan to improve transparency and consistency in the short run and the establishment of more market-based or market-mimicking incentive-compatible measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the long run.
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