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| Srl | Item |
| 1 |
ID:
099204
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| Publication |
2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
In the last quarter of the 20th century, many power companies used the integrated resource planning (IRP) approach in power expansion planning. Today, very few power companies use this approach because of the split between the power generation and distribution activities. It seems that, in some countries, long-term power system expansion planning has become a task of the central government. To help the government in this area, this paper proposes a new approach called the integrated resource strategic planning (IRSP). When combined with a smart grid, this approach can replace the IRP for the government's power sector expansion. This paper introduces the necessity and possibility of using this new approach, presents a framework on how to use the approach, and justifies the effectiveness of this approach against the traditional power planning approach, with a case study in China. This paper concludes that if China follows the IRSP approach, it may be able to avoid or postpone up to 69 GW of power generation in the period 2009-2015. These measures could help mitigate 201.8 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), 0.816 million tons of sulfur dioxide (SO2), and 0.946 million tons of nitrogen oxide (NOx).
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| 2 |
ID:
165606
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| Summary/Abstract |
Communist Party of China (CPC) regulations are a distinctive feature
of China’s political and legal system. e functions and status of these
regulations have received considerable attention, and they have been
assigned various normative positions within political and academic
circles. is article presents empirical research on citations of CPC
regulations in judicial decisions conducted to analyze their role in the
judicial system and elucidate the interactive relationship between political power and the legal system in China. Several preliminary conclusions are drawn from statistical analysis of the types, timing, citation
methods, and other characteristics of 29 important CPC regulations. In
judicial practice, not only do CPC regulations serve as the basis of litigants’ arguments, but judges sometimes cite them in the reasoning
component of judicial decisions, particularly in administrative cases.
e citation of these regulations in judgments has become increasingly
frequent over time, which is to some extent a reflection of the
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| 3 |
ID:
184718
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article explores how the Chinese government aims to maintain social stability by encouraging citizens to become volunteers. We propose that a new type of governance, namely, “state-enlisted voluntarism,” is being deployed in which public security volunteers are mobilized and monitored by the state. Analysis based on ten-year nationwide empirical data gathered from local areas in China suggests that the government intentionally enlists citizens into its hierarchical system to strengthen its administrative capacity and maintain a stable society without the risk of domestic threats. We find that direct enlistment approaches empower citizens as state proxies, and that indirect enlistment approaches ensure that various social stakeholders are comprehensively controlled. In general, the Chinese government has four reasons to institutionalize the state enlistment of voluntarism: to increase human resources at the grassroots; transform social organizations into subordinates; frame policy innovations as political credits; and to avoid blame. Our findings also suggest that China's party-state system mobilizes citizens into implementation-oriented activities rather than engages them in policymaking to maintain social stability at the grassroots.
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