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| 1 |
ID:
099108
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2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
Part two of the authors' study of the Soviet involvement in Afghnistan deals with social development as one of the elements of the overall Soviet state-building strategy. The authors conclude that Soviet social development policies, the effects of Soviet inspired nationalities policy, and the heavy-handed response to the opponents of the Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) alienated much of the population. The government in Kabul was able to attract some support primarily among the urban and the more educated stratum of the society, but, on the whole, remained isolated from the rural masses. The inability to engage a significant number of people in the state building process seriously undermined the Sovietization strategy. Soviet efforts to raise literacy levels among Afghans, and to enfranchise Afghan women could be qualified as relatively, if ephemerally, successful.
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| 2 |
ID:
099110
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| Publication |
2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The elite Russian airborne forces, unlike other structures within the conventional armed forces, survived the "new look" reform initiated by Defense Minister, Anatoliy Serdyukov in October 2008, relatively unscathed. How this was achieved, what it meant for reform planning as a whole, as well as the significance of the change to its leadership in 2009 is examined. Problems facing the airborne units are perhaps not as intense as in the ground forces, though its leadership struggled to protect key aspects of its essential requirements in order to conduct adequate combat training. However, its successful preservation of the division-based structure, more than any other development in the past two years, illustrates the enduring potential for the defense ministry to reconceptualize the original reform concept in response to service or branch of service interests.
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| 3 |
ID:
099114
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| 4 |
ID:
099113
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| Publication |
2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
During World War II, many residents of Belarus occupied by Nazi Germany being driven by the great variety of motives were drafted to the local auxiliary police (Schutzmannschaften). The total number of which in General District of Belarus accounted for some 30 thousand people in the years 1941-1944. In 1943 the 13th battalion of 1,000 strong auxiliary police SD (Schutzmannschafts Bataillon der SD 13) was formed, a subordinate formation of the Security Service (SD) SS. In years 1943-1944, this formation participated in numerous anti-partisan campaigns and pacification. After the withdrawal from Belarus in the summer of 1944 it took part in the suppression of Warsaw's Uprising and fought together with the Red Army in Poland and the resistance movements in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Italy.
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| 5 |
ID:
099116
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| 6 |
ID:
099111
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