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ID:
183977
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| Summary/Abstract |
The development of regulatory frameworks has accelerated in Russia after the ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in 2012. Using public opinion poll data and interviews with school administrators, teachers, assistants and parents, the authors show the challenges of moving towards inclusive education in contemporary Russia. The development of an inclusive school culture is analysed at the levels of artefacts, values and assumptions. Attempts to forge an inclusive culture do not always go smoothly; unexpected consequences occur, including open and hidden resistance and conflicts between children, parents and teachers. Meanwhile, the external context threatens the sustainability of inclusion.
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| 2 |
ID:
101596
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| Publication |
2010.
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| Summary/Abstract |
This article argues that compared with adjudicative immunity, which has developed to be restrictive instead of absolute, the enforcement immunity of foreign States still tends to be interpreted as it has long been interpreted in States practice. By discussing domestic legislations, the court practices of major players in this area and rules provided in regional multilateral conventions concerning the linkage requirement in enforcement immunity, as well as the fact that the UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property also endorses the linkage requirement, a conclusion is drawn that the linkage requirement is not only an established rule of customary law but also has gained universal acceptance at least in opinio juris as evidenced by the adoption of the UN Convention.
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| 3 |
ID:
133022
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2014.
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| Summary/Abstract |
According to indicators of political repression currently used by scholars, human rights practices have not improved over the past 35 years, despite the spread of human rights norms, better monitoring, and the increasing prevalence of electoral democracy. I argue that this empirical pattern is not an indication of stagnating human rights practices. Instead, it reflects a systematic change in the way monitors, like Amnesty International and the U.S. State Department, encounter and interpret information about abuses. The standard of accountability used to assess state behaviors becomes more stringent as monitors look harder for abuse, look in more places for abuse, and classify more acts as abuse. In this article, I present a new, theoretically informed measurement model, which generates unbiased estimates of repression using existing data. I then show that respect for human rights has improved over time and that the relationship between human rights respect and ratification of the UN Convention Against Torture is positive, which contradicts findings from existing research.
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| 4 |
ID:
115739
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