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| 1 |
ID:
171512
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| Summary/Abstract |
Firms around the world need to find ways to continuously reduce their carbon footprint, preferably in ways that are profitable or cost-effective. The opportunities available to them will change over time, as they implement the most profitable ones first and as technology changes. When designing and adjusting their carbon policies, policy-makers need to understand the abatement opportunities firms are facing. We explore this using data collected by CDP (formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project) on 20,920 carbon abatement projects implemented by more than 1400 firms worldwide over 7 years. Using fixed effects regression with energy price controls by country, our results show that the average payback period of implemented carbon emissions reduction projects remained relatively constant from 2010-2016, although there is tentative evidence that the projects are becoming smaller over time. We provide a novel firm-level perspective on carbon emissions reduction activities using data on projects implemented and reported by large, global firms, and discuss how the insights from such firm-level analysis can help inform the design and revision of carbon emissions policies over time.
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| 2 |
ID:
103601
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| Publication |
2011.
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| Summary/Abstract |
The last decade has seen significant innovation and change in regulatory incentives to support photovoltaic deployment globally. With high fossil fuel dependency and abundant solar resource availability in Australia, grid connected photovoltaics are a viable low carbon technology option in existing electricity grids. Drawing on international examples, the potential to increase grid PV deployment through government response and regulation is explored. For each renewable energy certificate (REC) earned by small scale photovoltaics until 2012, the market provides four additional certificates under the current banded renewable targets. Our analysis indicates that REC eligibility is not accurately estimated currently, and an energy model is developed to calculate the variance. The energy model estimates as much as 26% additional REC's to be obtained by a 3 kWp PV system, when compared to the currently used regulatory method. Moreover, the provision of REC's increases benefits to PV technologies, in the process distorting CO2 abatement (0.21 tonne/REC) by 68%, when PV displaces peaking natural gas plants. Consideration of the secondary effects of a banded structure on emissions trading market is important in the context of designing a range of initiatives intended to support a transition to a low carbon electricity sector.
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