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ID: 103860

Looking for plan B: what next for Island hosts of offshore finance / Hampton, Mark P; Christensen, John

Hampton, Mark P	Journal Article
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2011.

Summary/Abstract

This paper examines offshore finance centres and tax havens that are hosted by small island economies (SIEs). In many cases, hosting offshore finance has been a lucrative activity for SIEs since the 1960s in terms of employment (direct and indirect) and overall contribution to GDP and government revenues. Despite the scale and reach of the global offshore economy, at present many SIE hosts face an unsettled future in light of significant international pressure from nation states, international organisations such as the EU and OECD and, increasingly, from civil society in both the developed and less-developed world. Given the economic importance of hosting offshore finance for many SIEs around the world, the development options facing many island jurisdictions are discussed. The paper poses the fundamental question: what has changed since the major initiatives around the year 2000? Then the situation facing many SIE hosts, the changing global political economy and their shifting negotiations and alliances within it are discussed.

Key Words

Political Economy ; Economic Development ; OECD ; Island ; Offshore ; Tax Havens ;
Jersey ; Offshore Financial Centres ; Cognitive Lock-in ; Political lock-in ; Functional lock-in ; Financial Secrecy Index

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ID: 163238

Opening the box? tourism planning and development in Myanmar: capitalism, communities and change / Clifton, Julian; Hampton, Mark P; Jeyacheya, Julia

Clifton, Julian	Journal Article
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Summary/Abstract

Myanmar (formerly Burma) is emerging from almost six decades of international isolation into a period of rapid economic growth. Following moves towards increasing democratisation since 2011, Myanmar's tourism industry has been propelled from ‘tourism pariah’ to rising ‘tourism star’ and is experiencing an extraordinary growth in tourism arrivals with associated revenues and investment. The unique rapidity of Myanmar's recent transition enables an examination of how contemporary forces of globalisation and neoliberalism determine the direction and mode of tourism development from its beginnings. We show how tourism is perceived by the national government as an engine for rural development, conservation and livelihood creation for poor and rural communities. We then demonstrate how this is re‐shaped by a globalised tourism industry into a socially and economically exclusive model which capitalises upon weak governance and disempowered local stakeholders. We conclude with observations which may point towards a more sustainable and responsible tourism industry.

Key Words

Economic Development ; Asia Pacific ; Neoliberalism ; Development Policy ; Tourism Planning

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